Philip Webster and David Byers in Kampala and Zahid Hussain in Islamabad
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Pakistan was suspended from the Commonwealth last night despite last-minute assurances from President Musharraf that he would lift the state of emergency soon.
The decision threatens to deprive Pakistan of hundreds of millions of pounds of foreign investment and Commonwealth development funding, as well as excluding it from the 53-member bloc’s decision-making councils until democracy is restored.
Foreign ministers meeting in Kampala agreed that General Musharraf had made some progress towards fulfilling the conditions demanded by the Commonwealth ten days ago. But they ruled that by suspending the Constitution, jailing lawyers and other political opponents and imposing emergency rule he had violated the democratic principles of the Commonwealth.
Expressing regret for Pakistan’s failure to comply with its ultimatum the Commonwealth said that it had suspended Pakistan “pending the restoration of democracy and the rule of law in that country”.
“This decision was taken in sorrow, not in anger,” David Miliband, the Foreign Secretary, said. “Democracy and the rule of law are the best allies of security and stability in Pakistan.”
The Commonwealth foreign ministers reached their decision after a four-hour debate in which Malaysia and Sri Lanka opposed the suspension, but most of the African nations called for it. Britain and Canada pushed for the compromise eventually adopted, under which General Musharraf was told that if he met the conditions and held free and fair elections in January, Pakistan would soon be readmitted. A senior British source said that Pakistan could return to the fold within a relatively short time.
The Pakistan Supreme Court - newly stacked with loyalists – yesterday ensured General Musharraf another five-year term by rejecting the final legal challenge to his reelection. As a result General Musharraf is set to resign as head of the army and take an oath, possibly tomorrow, to rule as a civilian president for the first time since he grabbed power in a 1999 coup. Ditching his uniform has been one of the key demands of the international community.
Gordon Brown, after talking to President Bush, had urged General Musharraf to do more. Before he left London for Kampala he said that the Pakistani leader had assured him that he would do his utmost to lift the state of emergency in time for free and fair elections to be held in January.
Last night Mr Brown described the decision to suspend Pakistan as “clear and necessary”. Mr Brown said after arriving in Kampala: “President Musharraf has said he will take the steps necessary to restore democracy. The Commonwealth is strongly of the view that he must now do so. We will work with Pakistan and the Commonwealth to ensure that Pakistan returns to its rightful position in the Commonwealth once the remaining steps are taken.”
Pakistan was last suspended from the Commonwealth in 1999 after General Musharraf’s coup. Its membership was restored in 2004 after he promised to stand down as army chief.
The renewed suspension could have a severe impact on Pakistan’s economy. Mohan Kaul, the secretary-general of the bloc’s business arm, the Commonwealth Business Council, said that it had been forced to postpone a business conference with potential investors last year because of the instability of the country and the growing threat posed by Islamist extremists. The conference is now tentatively rearranged to take place early next year, but only if the state of emergency is lifted.
“One year back or even six months back, Pakistan was seen to be a very fast-growing economy. The investing business community was given confidence, at the time, about Pakistan’s growth and economic stability,” Dr Kaul told The Times. “Now suddenly, due to the instability caused by rising extremism, that confidence has been drastically reduced. Because of the emergency of the last few weeks the position has been worsened considerably again.
“Investors tend to operate in a herd mentality, and the suspension outcome is likely to have very severe consequences for investment in the Pakistani economy.”
General Musharraf won one-sided presidential elections that were boycotted by all opposition parties on October 6. Formal ratification of the result was delayed until the Supreme Court ruled on whether he had been eligible to run while still wearing his military uniform. Despite yesterday’s court ruling that the result should stand, many analysts contend that his legitimacy remains controversial.
When they travel to a Commonwealth retreat outside Kampala tomorrow, the Prime Minister and other leaders are expected to press President Mbeki of South Africa to step up the pressure on President Mugabe to lift the oppression in Zimbabwe.
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It's hard to understand how anyone ca'nt remember,the creation of pakistan was for murderers and armament-pedlars
being kicked out of commonwealth is no surprise to lots of us,
what a bunch of hypocrits talking:Cllr Ken Tiwari(Oxford UK)
Cllr Ken Tiwari, Oxford, United Kingdom
Dear Sirs The rejection of the Contitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a Great idea and should be blessed by free nations. The commonwealth of nations is very wrong in their rebuke against Musharraf. Does Musharraf want a Islamic Republic like Iran or be more free like Turkey or Egypt or simular type nations. Can you nations tone it down against Pakistan
Daniel Lumley, Windsor, Canada
The restriction by the commonwealth seems to be baised.The efforts like military actions by Pakistan armed forces in tribal ares along the afghanistan boarder, actions against extreminst elements,the democratic local government,the booming economic etc all speaks of a democartic and a front line state against world most challenging factor i.e terriosm.what all the world or a common wealth WANTS. it was the first time in Pakistan that any National assambly has successfully passed its 5 years term. Despite of the assurrance by President Mushaarf .why the commonwealth has suspended its membership.
riz, punjab, Pakistan
This decision will give some relief to those who were badly beaten by law enforcing agencies or deprived and banned from their source of income so that no body dares to raise voice against brutality of present regime.Now the single western force left behind this military rule is US 's interests in the region.Once the US people will realise that they are making fools by our army mafia group and CIA, they would surley back Paksitan movement of democracy.On CIA report allied forces has destroyed Iraq for searching weapons of mass destruction.Six years have gone,but the country which can see water resources on Mars,cant find a single weapon on this part of earth.Same is happening in Pakistan search of few US wanted men has created havoc in our tribal belts and mountains areas.In our histroy these people never interferred in any country's matter but this destruction of their homes will surely forcing them to react against the army of Pakistan.
Nazia, Lahore, Pakistan
I believe that commonwealth should review their policies on expulsion and admitting member countries back into the commonwealth. What influence they put on members to stick to commonwealth charter? Most of the political turmoil and avenges take place in commonwealth countries, also human rights record for majority of member countries are very poor. Therefore, council has to take concrete steps to ensure democracy prevails in memeber countries, otherwise membershipp should never be given.
As far as Pakistan is concerned, General Musharraf has done a lot for the US and West for war againt terror. Under this scenario, he has cleaned off his opponents as well. Proclamation of state of emergency is an example.
If as per his slogan, Pakistan first is really true, then he should not have taken those actions which are condemned by the world, Pakistanis and media. Whatever good he did before 2007, he has ensured to revert it before new elections so that he could start from scratch.
Javaid Iqbal, London, UK
To stablize the position of Musharraf is a good news to china and US,Russia.In view of he play a supporting role on anti-terrorism for US and a balancing role in stablizing the muti-power s'balance in south asian.
chuang, shanghai , china
How can a dictator be legitimized by the western press
that the court (appointed by him) approves his nomination
There goes democracy and the higher standards held by
the US.
This is a time to put pressure on Musharaf thru Commonwealth and not accept anything less.
jawaid, pawling, N.Y, USA
Hopefully if this post is will be 'accepted'
The suspension of Pakistan from the Commonwealth (twice under the misrule of Musharraf Govt) should be a welcome step for all those whole believe in the rule of law for all,a strong judiciary and true democratic principles with an independant Media free of govt 'censors' and 'bullying;.
The suspension is a rebuke to the Musharraf Govt (that is arm twisting the Pakistani nation into accepting it's illegitimate actions).
The suspension should in no way be misjudged as a step against the nation of Pakistan,its a rebuke for the Goverment that has lost all credibility both within and outside that country.
Those countries that pushed for this strong action have done a tremendous favour to the Pakistani people.
Restoration of the true Judiciary and removal of emergency should be the minimum demands of the rest the International community as well.
abrar, Ontario,
I wholeheartedly agree with Junaid's comments.
Musharraf is the flavor of the month and is unfairly being criticised by precisely those who have the most to lose if, in the name of 'democracy', the nation were to be overrun by Islamic fundamentalism.
Those whom the west are trying to make martyrs of and legitimise have a lot of blood on their hands, and are responsible for severe economic mismanagement during their terms in power.
Mush though, has been extremely efficient during his terms, and continues to command the loyalty of his troops and the police force, no mean achievement.
Musharraf is trying hard to restore democracy to the nation, albeit on his own terms, terms which given the factious and divided opposition who are united solely in their hatred (read fear) of the general, appear appropriate.
This entire 'crisis' is the result of chicanery and interference by the judiciary and former chief justice, who did everything they could to scuttle Musharraf's presidency bid.
Tej, Queens, NY, USA
I totally disagree. Mr Musharraf is trying his best to lay down the rule of law. His actions target armed militants in the northern areas of Pakistan. Due to the infiltration of foreign militants, the writ of the state is at stake. The president has tried dialogue, but the militants only respond the use of force. His actions are in the interest of Pakistan. Regarding Balochistan, the insurgency is well over 30 years old and a popular elected prime minister, Z A Bhutto, also sent in the army to quell the rebellion. Regarding the supreme court, maybe the commentator from Germany has forgotten has the supreme court was physically and brutally assaulted by nawaz sharif 10 years ago. The Supreme Court was interfering with the smooth functioning of government, therefore, a check and balance was required. Regarding self-interest, I would like to ask any single person if they know of any factories owned by Mr Musharraf, unlike the Surrey palaces and steel mills of previous rulers.
Junaid, Sheffield, UK
England should also be suspended because of its track record in Iraq. This is an Immoral and illegal occupation and against the charter of Commonwealth.
Syed Ahmed, Dallas, TX-USA
The double standard of commonwealth is very obvious. On one side they supported as they so called "a dictator" and on the other side now they are suspending the "Pakistan" from commonwealth.
Ali Jan or ahmed, Heidelberg, Germany should understand that Musharraf is doing in the best interest of Pakistan and as he rightly said the previous day, we have to choose that if it is important to be a democratic or a failed nation.
Naeem
Mohammed Naeem, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Wow, didn't realise the Commonwealth was so powerful and influential! How do I help India get suspended too?
Gautam NAthwani, Mumbai, India
The main question is how much terror and high handedness are the western democracies are capable to accept.
This dictator has been terrorising innocent people. He has been for quite somtime bombing innocent civilian and villagers in Waziristan,balluchistan and now in Swat ,branding them as terrorists to please the Americans..Only God knows how many innocent people have fallen prey to his lust of power.
Lots of opponents have been taken from their homes on terror charges and have never come back.This is among other issus which the supreme Court Chief justice wanted to know.
It was for all the world to see how he put is opponents on terror charges and banned all the news media.
The whole theatre of emergency was to get himself elected illegely and uncostitutionally.
I hope the democratic nations see clearly whyt sort of liar this man is and not pat him on his back and declare him as a democrat just because of false self interest.
Ali Jan
Ahmed, Heidelberg, Germany