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Reeling from the soaring death toll of the May 12 earthquake and in growing fear of a catastrophic eruption from the “quake lakes”, China has invited its old enemy, the Japanese military, on to its soil for the first time since the Second World War.
The extraordinary request for help from China’s historically detested foe will produce an image that few could have imagined possible two weeks ago. Revulsion at Japan’s wartime past — particularly the Imperial Army’s atrocities in China — continues to play an explosive role in Asian politics.
Relations between Tokyo and Beijing have been improving and China has already welcomed teams of Japanese medical experts to help with the quake. Even the optimists, though, did not predict that the thaw would be so rapid as to allow in Japanese pilots.
The devastating earthquake and its aftermath have caused China to break starkly with the past in many ways: for the time being at least, Beijing has suspended its habit of secrecy and insularity around natural disasters and allowed the outside world to join in the relief efforts. It has also allowed its own domestic media unprecedented access to the disaster sites, which has in turn heightened the popular sense of a national tragedy and a unified response.
According to Japanese foreign ministry sources, its country’s military — what it refers to for constitutional reasons as its Self Defence Forces (SDF) — has been asked to provide aircraft and to help to transport additional relief materials as the Chinese Government struggles to relieve the situation on the ground in Sichuan.
Millions remain homeless and in need of shelter and other supplies. More than 150,000 people have been evacuated in the past 24 hours from the valley below the largest of the Sichuan “quake lakes” formed by landslides. Despite massive efforts to release water pressure from the natural dams that have formed in the mountains, it is slow work.
Heavy earth-moving equipment has been airlifted into the remote valley that contains the lake. Because landslides have severed all road access to the lake, Chinese troops have hefted about 16 tonnes of explosives up to the site over treacherous mountain passes.
Rising water levels and forecasts of heavy rain in the coming days have created what authorities described as a race against time to drain the pressure before the largest of the lakes, Tangjiashan, bursts and creates a second disaster for the refugees struggling to survive downstream.
Government sources in Tokyo, who told The Times that the “astonishing” request from Beijing was being evaluated, said that the invitation revealed the growing desperation in the quake-hit area. A pair of strong aftershocks on Tuesday wreaked yet more havoc on the stricken region, felling 420,000 more buildings.
The official death toll has crept higher every day. More than 68,000 are known to have been killed and hopes for the survival of the 20,000 still missing are all but extinguished. Villagers in the stricken region told The Times that the invitation to Japan’s SDF follows just weeks after a breakthrough visit to Tokyo by China’s President, Hu Jintao — a visit that appeared to re-unite the two neighbours after many years of barely contained hostility.
The acrimony hit a peak in 2005 when revulsion over visits by Junichiro Koizumi, then Japan’s Prime Minister, to a controversial war shrine spilled over on the streets of Beijing and other Chinese cities. Mr Koizumi, a notoriously stubborn political maverick, persisted in honouring the war dead memorialised in Tokyo’s Yasukuni Shrine. To the dismay of China, Korea and other former victims of Japan’s imperial assault on Asia, that list of honoured dead includes 14 class-A war criminals.
The Japanese Embassy in Beijing was pelted with stones and widespread anti-Japan demonstrations came close to running out of control. As the relationship between Asia’s largest powers deteriorated fast, the politicians stopped talking and businesses on both sides of the East China Sea bemoaned the threat to Asia’s biggest trading relationship. It was only after Mr Koizumi stepped down from office in 2006 that leaders in Tokyo and Beijing were able to embark on their choreographed “ice-melting process”.
The two countries remain at odds, however, on the question of resource rights in the East China Sea, where an unspecified quantity of natural gas is thought to lie beneath the ocean floor.
The thorny issue of Japan’s treatment of history also remains unresolved: China has long resented the “whitewashing” of historical militarism in the school textbooks used in some Japanese schools.
Disaster diplomacy
December 2003
The US sent more than 80 disaster experts to Iran and about 70 tonnes of relief supplies after an earthquake. A US Air Force cargo plane, carrying medicine and food, was the first US flight to go to Iran since 1981
January 2001
Pakistan offered assistance to India after an earthquake killed about 25,000 people in Gujarat. It was followed by a summit held by the leaders of India and Pakistan in July
August 1999
Greece was the first foreign country to pledge aid and support to Turkey after the earthquake
October 2005
President Musharraf of Pakistan agreed to accept aid from American Jews and Israel after an earthquake that killed nearly 80,000 people. The New York-based American Jewish Congress-Council for World Jewry issued a statement urging Jews to send blankets, tents, medical supplies and money to Pakistan
September 1999
The Taiwanese Government announced it would accept a $100,000 donation from the Chinese Red Cross after an earthquake in southeast Taiwan. Taiwan, however, turned down official Beijing offers of material assistance
(Sources: worldtribune.com ; disasterdiplomacy.org ; Times archives)
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it's not the point of the problem. The problem is to help the people. Beside some not comfortable regions for both sides, there should be others. Where? That's the point, go to find them.
ziyao, Ulm, Germany
It is a first step that China and Japan could walk together.
Shaoboss, Changzhi, China
Some Japanese papers reported that Chinese government did not ask for SDF, but just for airplanes to carry things. Japanese government, then asked back if it is OK to use SDFs.I think this is implicit understanding because both governments know that there are no other options. A lot of tents, blankets and other supplies are needed, and this is only truth here. Please dont make fuss about transportation means.
Hideo, Kawasaki, Japan
To Chinese
I have one special request for you I held up myself since the Quake. Please raise your voices to your government to persuade Myanmar to accept aids from other countries more openly to help cyclone victims because yours has much more influence on them. It would be about time to do so, I wish.
Hideo, Kawasaki, Japan
Chinese government just denied "requesting help from SDF", thus the title here looks inappropriate. As a Chinese, I appreciate foreign aids, but since Sichuan is an important military base, I do not think government will allow any help from SDF or us airforce.
huang, London,
Gary Grant, Tokyo, Japan
Dont use Jap, stupid. This is insulting word used during WW2 to us. Do you mean it? Japanese of my age, over 50 have more complex feelings about our history than your thin and superficial knowledge. Selfclaimed Japan expert like you makes things complicated.
Hideo, Kawasaki, Japan
I think the chinese goverment should be cautious to deal with this event.
It is important to measure the diplomacy effect and the history symbolization. As a chinese, athough there're positive changes between two countries, I think it's a liitle too much to let the military aid in.
Simon, ShangHai, P.R.C
At first sight of the news, I, as a ordinary chinese, really feel pround of China Goverment, being more open, more free, and more confidence.
And I quite appreciate The Times, and other western media(BBC, ABC, etc), for holding impartial attitude toward China.
Ryan, ChangSha, China
I agree, Japan should be seizing the opportunity to help, this is what brings nations and people together regardless of past conflicts, government or religious views. One of the biggest tragedies of the Bush administration was their unwillingness to embrace the world help during 9-11 and Katrina.
Arlin, Calgary, Canada
If the Chinese really want explosives to open up the blockages, all they have to do is give the precise coordinates and TNT tonnage required, then US could fly over their old B52's and do the job in one pass. Or we could put some of those, now redundant, small nukes to some good use.
John Weaver, San Javier, Spain
Thanks for all the help from Japan. History can not be changed. If one could apologize what he has done wrong, we should not doubt his friendliness and sincerity.
China is moving on its own pattern. No state could leap to a well-developed country in a sudden. China is open and free enough now.
Jun Chen, Hangzhou, China
Of all the countries in the world I don't understand why would china choose Japan. The Japanese force is a self defense force, meaning that it is the least powerful of all. Not to mention the Chinese people's feeling about the evil army in ww2.it is not a wise choice.
leo zhou, brighton, uk
In front of natural disaster, humane beings join together.
Sharon , Hell, USA
Brit married to Japanese wife. I know more about Jap history (ie, China) than my wife. Don't think the older (over 50's) will ever acknowledge Japans "China" history. Good luck now, hope this brings about a time of "peace & understanding". China needs help, its grown to fast too quick!
Gary Grant, Tokyo, Japan
China welcomes people from all over the world come to our counrty to see real Chinese society and people's daily life.
Chairman Mao said you can not comment without iinvestigation or study.
Xiaofeng.Wang, Beijing , China P.R.
China welcomes people from all over the world to our country to see real Chinese society and people's daily life.
Chairman Mao said We have no right to comments without investigation or study.
Xiaofeng.Wang, Beijing , China P.R.
So, Albatross, educate us all about Taiwan and Tibet?. Tell us about the ruthless dictatorship? We can read every day about the vague 'human rights abuses' but there is rarely any substance in the allegations. So please feel free to give us all the details. It really is time someone did.
Pu Li, Guangxi, PRC
So many naive people. China should be a world power, with its huge human resources. But it wants to achieve this goal in a hurry at the expense of all human rights, with a ruthless dictatorship. Just look at Tibet and Taiwan.
Peace with Japan? Only if it's convenient. Olympics? A propaganda showcase
Albatross, San Francisco, USA
My predictions for Asia:
near future:
A developed China with Taiwan united.
Peace, friendship and greater cooperation between China & Japan
A better Myanmar and ASEAN solidarity
Developed Mekong region
Distant future:
Korea union
A united Asia
Withdrawal of US troops from Asia.
Peace
Lim, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
If these two countries join hands to combat the real enemies of humanity such as poverty and catastrophe, we can expect hope for a better world.
Naomi, Kowloon, Singapore
China has shown the world what a great nation it is. At this stage it is still a developing nation. Imagine what it wld be like when it is developed. China has changed. It is peaceful, it is open.
Taiwan is changing too. I pray that soon Taiwan will be united with the motherland. Peace be with you.
Lim, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
If the peoples of Europe can move beyond their historical hostilities, there's no reason to believe China and Japan can't either. Good luck to them.
Nicholas Apleton, Birmingham, England
Japanese has really moved us in the rescue. I hope we can build true friendship with them. The history cannot be changed, but we need to move on. I wanna say thank you to all the kind people in Janpan.
Jie, Chengdu, China
Perhaps Phil you should read up on your history a little, then you would understand it very well. The atrocities were horrendous. But yes the Japanese have a huge chance to build real bridges and should seize it with all their hearts..
John, Bristol, United Kingdom
I hope leaders of all nations have the courage to break the ice with their 'traditional enimies' and act accoring to what I think all of them realise within themself to be right. And I hope the people of those nations respond positively to those leaders rising above petty nationalism.
Joby Joseph, Rockville, USA
This is indeed a surprise. I had envisaged that one day Japan and China wld hold hands in true friendship. It is nearer than I thought. I hope both countries will be sensitive and accommodating and not spoil the tricky path ahead.
It is also my wish that all Asian countries will unite.
Lim, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Finally the world is getting somewhere.
Military is one of civilizations great achievements. Its use, however, has been horrible.
Now our centuries of perfecting command, communications and deployment can be put to constructive uses.
Humans need a push from nature once in a while. Thanks China!
Dennis, Calgary - Canada, Canada
Instead of leaking the news in a patronizing tone, the Japanese should really seize the opportunity and run (not "evaluate") with it. I bet the Japanese government feels pretty good about its army's history.
Andy Dorfman, Florida, US
Great news. As a Chinese Jamaican that has been raised in the States, I never fully understood the deep resentment that the Chinese held for the Japanese. I hope that this action will help bridge the two countries together. China and Japan both need to stop fostering hate and instead embrace unity
Phil Fung, Miami, USA