Jeremy Page, South Asia Correspondent
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Pakistan warned the international community yesterday that a deal allowing India to import US atomic fuel and technology could accelerate a nuclear arms race between Delhi and Islamabad.
The warning was made in a letter addressed to more than 60 nations as the Indian Government, having survived a no-confidence vote on Tuesday, dispatched diplomats to clear the deal with international regulators.
Later, in a concession to Islamabad, the United States said that it planned to shift $230 million (£116 million) in aid to Pakistan away from counter-terrorism to upgrading its F16 fighter jets seen as crucial for maintaining military parity with India. That announcement came four days before Yousuf Raza Gilani, Pakistan’s new Prime Minister, is due to meet President Bush at the White House for talks on co-operation in combating Islamic extremists.
Pakistan is a key US ally in the War on Terror and has long complained that India’s nuclear deal, agreed in 2005, will upset the strategic balance of South Asia by endorsing it as a nuclear weapons state.
India and Pakistan both tested nuclear weapons in 1999, but cannot buy nuclear supplies from most countries because they refuse to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
The nuclear deal bypasses that by lifting a US ban on nuclear sales to India imposed after Delhi tested its first nuclear device in 1974.
India must still win approval from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), whose board meets on August 1, and the Nuclear Suppliers’ Group (NSG). Pakistan warned IAEA and NSG members in its letter that the deal would impair non-proliferation efforts and “threatens to increase the chances of a nuclear arms race in the sub-continent”.
India and Pakistan have fought three wars since independence from Britain in 1947, and though a peace process has stabilised relations since 2004, they remain deeply distrustful of each other.
Mohammad Sadiq, a spokesman for the Pakistani Foreign Ministry, confirmed the contents of the letter, which he said was distributed to IAEA members. He said: “There should be a model agreement that could be signed with any country that meets the criteria. It should not be country-specific.” The US Congress must also approve the deal and American officials have repeatedly said they could struggle to do that before President Bush steps down. Condoleezza Rice, the US Secretary of State, said yesterday that the White House would push to get it approved in time.
Congress must also approve the White House’s proposal to shift two thirds of annual US military training and equipment aid to Pakistan towards upgrading the F16s.
Congress demanded last year that military aid to Pakistan — $1 billion annually since 2002 — be spent on law enforcement or fighting terrorism.
Dana Perino, a White House spokeswoman, said that the F16s were used for counter-terrorism. Military experts said that they were rarely used against militants and designed more for a potential war with India.
India has sent its top diplomats to Germany, which holds the rotating chair of the NSG, and to Ireland, an NSG and IAEA board member and a strong proponent of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
The NSG — founded in 1974 — is an informal group of 45 nuclear-exporting countries committed to preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
India has submitted a draft agreement to the IAEA, under which it would separate civilian and military nuclear facilities and allow agency inspections of the former.
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What's the big fuss about? The Indians make their nukes at their research labs. The power reactors are separate. India also has the fast breeder reactor (so far an experiment one) which churns out more uranium than it is fed. Get the picture? If push comes to shove, we'll build more of them.
Rakesh Krishnan, Auckland, New Zealand
Pakistan shouldnt trust Western nations anyways they give billions to manipulate pakistan and have leverage over it they should just stick with china a rising superpower which makes the white westerners shake in there boots at the end white people will always prefer a non islamic nation
Bilal, Lahore, Pakistan
I guess this country will not stop exporting it's failed policies around the world.Must every country attack it's neighbor now days? All they are going to do is make sure a war beetween India and Pakistan erupts. It amaizes me how evil has taken over in Washington!
G Davis, Highland, USA
Real politik rather than principles of equity and law seems to direct the US policy. Indian explosion of a nuclear bomb in 1974 recived a lukewarm response from it.Pakistan protested and then embarked on its own nuclear weapon programme.It may find itself compelled to follow a similar path now.
Afzal A. Neseem, Lincoln Nebraska, U.S.A.
For a state on verge of bankruptcy; getting $5b from the Saudi's for oil, US paying for F-16 upgrades and 500,000 tons of wheat plus $7.5b in new aid, no wonder Pakistan is eager to join the arms race. This is akin to holding the world hostage. Cut the Aid so that we can spend a night of peace.
Billoo Bhai, London, UK
It looks like a big GIANT SCAM to Nuke the worlds population.
They are all the AnitChrist
Lynn, Elk , US
pakisthan is always sujpporting terrorist actvities in India.It is a shame that pakisthan should look into solve there internal problem rather than a nightmare for india
jayan, london, uk
i dont know what to say about American foreign policy, one hand they want a strong pakistan against torror but of the other hand they make them 2nd class partner, India is now new big friend but this dobble standard policy is alway makes negetives effects, a fair America just can win trust.
H Z Ullah, Frankfurt, Germany
India started this arms race 35 years ago and Pakistan has been forced to keep up in self- defence. What has perhaps bruised Indian egos is that today, it is Pakistan that has the edge in nuclear missile technology. By offering this deal, it is the US that is the greatest nuclear proliferator!
A A Ahmed, London, UK
instead of squealing like a child not given a lolli, pakistan should bring itself out of the middle ages first. if india could start bringing itself onto the path of modernity, why is pakistan hoping to remain in the middle ages AND expect the world to sign modern-day deals with it?
Habib Nawaz, Chicago, USA
India is being manipulated to do the dirty work for their "good friend" America.
Divide and rule is a one of the tenets of American foreign policy, along with duplicity, and sabotage.
Hung, kuala lumpur,
I think india should not be allowed a nuclear deal. India has taken most of the jobs from USA our people are surviving here and Indians are only making money out of us. They have always double crossed us, When it comes to Russia. Indian has imposed three wars on a small country like Pakistan.
wederman, Greenwich , USA
India should be given the opportunity to produce nuclear power, in fact any country should be given that as all of us are quickly running out of resourses so it is essential that we war against survival together rather than war against each other. There is a bigger enemy to fight "SCARCE RESOURCES".
Sid Ramani, Hyderabad, India
Well all of yous look at it from the true point of view, both india and pakistan are developing and need energy to move ahead. Its a pity that some one at such a position thinks of war with the countries being at piece (relatively). us has done the right thing in this instance at least.
Sid Ramani, Hyderabad, India
to my Pakistani brothers: This war is bigger than our war, this is a war against "scarce resources" i mean dont you want to have enough electricity just to survive ,with the climate change in so hard we are not going to get rains which power us by hydel electricity so we need alternative sources.
Sid Ramani, Hyderabad, India
India chasing China as it has big dispute with china. Pakistan should not try to bring itself in front like enemy number 1 (may be at behest of China)
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<br/>I feel Indian and Pakistani have too much in common and can be friends. Maybe Canada , USA relationship can be replicated between them
Gus, McLean, USA
Pakistan need not worry. Pakistan had its pie when BILLIONS poured- 'war on terror'. Deal enhance India's power not weapon production. Such suspicion is unwanted. Pakistan is better-off preventing Islamic and nuclear proliferation- A.Q Khan. Pakistan can always call CHINA if it wants nuclear bombs
Bharath, Bangalore, India
I think everything Nuclear should be Ban in the world. To save you, me and everyone in this world.
Hassan, Lahore, Pakistan
Apparently it is for civilian use but given the conduct of countries in that region and use of unfair means in all spheres of life, this is very dangerous. It has placed the Indian neighbors in a very delicate state. Though India has to use it as energy resource but why not energy by safer means.
Shiraz Mehmud, Trondheim, Norway
Both countries can destroy each other with one nuclear strike so whats the point in stockpiling so many? 1 is as effective as 1000.Pakistan has an advantage because any spillover from an Indian strike will rebound back into India, whereas India is big enough for Pakistan to attack & get away with it
Qasim Awan, Toronto/Karachi ,
Come on:- love India or Pakistan or neither, the Americans have succeeded in debasing India's emerging democracy with a dirty vote.
Now, the proliferation really begins with Pak competing with a US-backed, advanced, nuclear India.
NK & Iran; Pak & S. Arabia, will bunker down w nukes.
JOHN ISH ISHMAEL, TORONTO, CANADA
Funny how Pakistan's gets bugger all from its long time ally; possibly because they have a habit of lying?
Rob, Brum, UK
well truth is is truth and yes india is gulity of nuclear facism.
mr khan, london, uk
ohhh they feel the pain !!!
pank, New Delhi, india
That's rich cComing from THE country that has been the worst proliferator of nuclear technology!
Vijay, New York, USA
Race always happens between equals. Pakistan is just trying it's best to throw a spanner in India's works that's all.
Manu, Ontario,
Good grief. I nearly split my sides laughing at this! Pakistan, home and protector of A Q Khan, lecturing on nuclear non-proliferation. Someone in Islamabad must have been taking lessons in shamelessness from New Labour.
William, Edinburgh, UK
Safeguards are irrelevant as history has shown that even with a written constitution, it ignores the priciples of democracy within itself. You cannot trust that India will abide by what it signs especially if things get bad with Paistan. Bad judgement by the US. Hopefully IAEA will over-rule this.
Simon, Maine, US