Matthew Campbell
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HAVING tried everything else in her quest to stop the seemingly inexorable march of Nicolas Sarkozy, the conservative candidate, Ségolène Royal played what she hoped was her trump card in the last hours of the battle for the French presidency: her femininity.
In a desperate attempt to woo undecided voters, Royal was reduced to emphasising the novelty of having a woman in the Elysée Palace who was more than just a first lady.
“I know there are those who thought – and who still think – is it really reasonable to choose a woman?” she said in her final campaign rally in the northern city of Lille on Thursday night. “Is France going to dare? I want to say: dare. Dare! You won’t regret it.”
Some called it a gamble, worrying that Royal’s use of her gender might transform her into a divisive “symbol of sexist revenge”, as Sylviane Agacinski, the author and psychologist, put it.
There was not much danger of that, however. It emerged that Royal was being let down at the ballot box not by centrists, Socialists or any other political bloc but by the one sector of the electorate that might have been expected to rally to her cause in droves: women.
She may have been misled by an Elle magazine opinion poll in January that suggested France was a haven of sisterly solidarity and put her comfortably ahead among women. This seemed to vindicate her approach of appealing for votes not as a woman but as the best-qualified candidate to replace President Jacques Chirac.
Things began to change last month, however, when other polls showed that women were falling under the spell of the diminutive Sarkozy, even if Cécilia, his errant wife, was rumoured to have abandoned him once more.
Royal changed tack, launching direct appeals to women voters, but by then it was too late: in the first round of voting on April 22, more women voted for him (32%) than for her (28%). So much for what the pundits had been calling the “gender effect”.
In a series of campaign appearances last week, she intensified her appeals to women, invoking the memory of Olympe de Gouges, author of the Declaration of the Rights of Women, who was sent to the guillotine in 1793.
Royal appealed to “all those women who have trouble making ends meet at the end of the month, saleswomen, cashiers, auxiliary nurses, cleaners”.
The problem, however, was not how to win more support among working women: they were already more inclined to vote for Royal than for Sarkozy. It was their mothers’ generation, the over65s, who were giving her the cold shoulder – 43% of them voted for Sarkozy.
As Mariette Sineau, a political analyst, put it: “This age group of women tends to associate masculinity with power.”
Janine Mossuz-Lavau, of the National Scientific Research Centre, was even more explicit: “The aged, conservative, Catholic population that grew up in a system where women did not have political responsibilities might have been very sensitive to macho comments such as, ‘Who is going to look after the children?’ ” This was a reference to a jibe by Laurent Fabius, a former Socialist prime minister and one of Royal’s two rivals in the party’s leadership contest: such comments were common among her male, Socialist rivals at the start of the campaign.
More surprising, however, was how bitchy women were prepared to be about Royal. Michèle Alliot-Marie, the conservative defence minister known for her taste in trouser suits, said recently: “We do not want a president who changes her ideas as often as she changes her skirts.” She later summed up Royal’s performance in the televised duel with Sarkozy on Wednesday by saying: “Being vague is fine for fashion, not for politics.”
It was not just women on the right who felt tempted to put the boot in. Feminists who might have been expected to applaud the first woman with a real chance of becoming president sniffed at what they saw as her prudishness.
“This country doesn’t need a mummy to give it moral lectures,” said Catherine Millet, controversial author of The Sexual Life of Catherine M.
Clémentine Autain, communist founder of the Mix-Cité feminist group, sounded more afraid of the “puritan” Socialist candidate than she did of the “macho man Sarko”.
“Her praise of motherhood, her old-fashioned speeches about the family, her way of saying she does politics differently because she is a woman, her fight against pornography – these are not at all my cup of tea,” said Autain.
No man would have dared to make the sort of antiRoyal comments that were tripping off the tongues of women each day.
“Her ‘I’m beautiful, look at me, I’ve got four children’ might impress a supermarket check-out girl but we don’t use that card,” said Nadine Morano, an MP from Sarkozy’s UMP conservative party.
However, one French woman politician was prepared to stand up for her. “Attacks on women are always about their person, never about their policies or their actions,” said Edith Cresson, the country’s first woman prime minister. “It was true in the Eighties and it’s still true today.”
That did not silence Royal’s women critics. She may have won the backing of actress Emmanuelle Béart, who turned up at her rallies, but the pundits were sharpening their knives.
According to Marie-France Etchegoin, a commentator in the Nouvel Observateur, Royal went from “conquering supermum” who had raised four children and held down a remarkable career to an incompetent and vacuous “Emma Bovary of politics”.
Royal’s inability to rally women to her banner was not the only failure. One of her allies was temporarily suspended from the team for identifying François Hollande, the Socialist party’s secretary-general and father of her children, as her “biggest defect”. For a while he had given the impression of believing he, not she, was the candidate, apparently bitter about seeing his own presidential ambitions trampled on by his common-law spouse of the past three decades.
He repeatedly contradicted her, on one occasion even announcing tax rises, to the horror of the candidate, in the event of a Socialist victory.
Sarkozy also swooped on Hollande as the weakest Royal link in his debate with her on Wednesday when he reminded more than 20m television viewers that the partner of the Socialist candidate had once said: “I don’t like the rich.”
Other “elephants”, as the Socialist party’s leaders are known, were no more helpful, voicing support for their champion with the sort of enthusiasm that evoked vultures circling their prey in the desert.
She was dogged from the beginning by questions of competence, often complaining: “A man would never have to undergo the trial of legitimacy to which I have been subjected.”
Sometimes, it seemed, the accusations were justified, as when, in China, which regularly executes prisoners with a bullet in the back of the head, she praised the justice system for being “quicker” than that in France. On another occasion, she referred to the “Taliban regime” in Afghanistan. The Taliban lost power in 2001.
There was also the question of amateurism. Royal had a habit of cancelling engagements at the last minute, dispatching underlings to address provincial audiences that had been patiently waiting for a glimpse of the Socialist Madonna.
Even her own electors in the first round, it turned out, doubted her suitability for the presidency. According to an opinion poll, only 16% of the people who voted for her felt that she had the “stature” of a president.
At the outset, the presence of a female candidate in the race had appeared to herald a new era in politics, a fresh start. The television debate on Wednesday, however, made clear that this was a choice between a man and a woman, no matter how much the candidates tried to blur the distinction.
Royal went on the offensive and the normally combative Sarkozy, who did not want to be the “macho man Sarko” of feminist lore, meekly took her punches.
Sarkozy was more convincing on “male” topics, such as the economy and foreign affairs. Royal seemed stronger when talking about the environment, education and handicapped children.
So it seemed as if the French were ready for a woman in high office in their minds but not, as the final decision drew near, in reality.
As one commentator put it after the debate: “She basically showed she would make a formidable leader of the opposition.”
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As demonstrated by Margaret Thatcher's leadership of the United Kingdom, a woman can be an effective head of state if she knows what her country needs, and has the moral courage to implement her ideas. Neither of these describes Segolene Royal, a pretty face repeating tired Socialist platitudes that have failed France since Francois Mitterrand. During the debate against Sarkozy, Royal proposed endless discussions with labor unions, and tax increases without specifying who pays how much, and French taxpayers said "Non, merci!"
How ironic that Mr. Campbell brought up Edith Cresson, the former Prime Minister whose repeated gaffes led even Socialist President Francois Mitterrand to fire her after less than a year in office. A woman can be a great leader, but competence still counts, which is why French voters chose Sarkozy.
Steve Zell, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
"It seems Americans are still as paranoid about the Left as they ever were."
You're welcome, Tommy.
Knemon, Charlottesville, VA, U.S.A.
To further comment on Lara From London's anti-American whine, the problem with Europe right now is the side of it that is represented by this self-loathing, cynical European way of thinking that no longer makes many Europeans much of a force for freedom and democracy, and the spread of it being a good thing, in the world. When I see notions of letting Sharia Law being allowed in certain parts of certain countries, it is ridiclous. In America, we want our immigrants to assimilate. Not so over there, hence the riots.
As for the notion that Americans are "backward, right-wing, racist, and xenophobic," I guarantee you that America will have a Black president long before the UK or France does. Why will there never be a person of African descent in the UK as Queen or King??
Even today, there are the obvious Vichy government-thinking Europeans, and then there are the French Underground-thinking Europeans. God bless the latter, and proud to be out from under the Queen's skirt..
Derek, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
The Socialists would have lost anyway. They were aware that all their heavyweights couldnt be elected : too much negative bagage. So they pulled Segolene out in a last tentative to dazzle the electors and make them believe that something new and exciting could come out of the old party. As for the female electorate not being impressed, women didnt live better lives under the governance of Mss Thatcher, Gandhi or Bhuttho. Frenchwomen know that. Not that I think much of Sarkozy, by the way.
Magali, Taipei, Taiwan
Some of you are missing the point of this election, and other elections when reformers are elected. At this point, Sarkozy is the more radical candidate, in a country like France that needs to have its economy reformed in so many ways. Royal represents a discredited status quo that even the famously protected French electorate could see needed changing. Sarkozy seems to be facing up to the problem, and it appears that the French voters rewarded him for it. As a government and history teacher, it's hard to say if this election predicts anything for the American presidential election next year. We are nearly a year from the earliest primaries and caucuses. A lot of politicking still to come here. Hopefully, the message will be that honesty pays off.
I agree with Mr. Davies from Oxford. Welcome to the internet, Lara. This is a free exchange of ideas. Don't like them ? Come up with your own and smash ours; name-calling shows your poverty of ideas.
Sam, San Diego, Calif. USA
Lara from London wrote, "I am absolutely sick and tired of reading the messages written by American citizens on UK news websites. You are entitled to your backward, right-wing, racist, xenophobic views, but we don't want to constantly subjected to them. It's not a big thing to ask other than comment on your own sites and leaves ours alone."
Matthew (London) wrote, "What a repulsive bunch of comments from US posters (what are they doing on here anyway? This is the site of a British newspaper)."
I am an American, Democratic politician who has managed campaigns for President, Governor, U. S. Senate, U. S. House and many labor unions. Robert Kennedy, Edward Kennedy, Alan Cranston, Paul Tsongas and Dick Gephardt are the five presidential candidates on whose staffs I've served. Do I fit Lara's description?
I am a long-time subscriber to The Times. I read it because I value the information and opinions of others outside my own country. That distinguishes me from Lara and Matthew.
Tom Pazzi, Washington, D. C., USA
She wasn't up to it. Gender alone neither sinks nor saves you.
Tom Pazzi, Washington, D. C., USA
Lara from London: "I am absolutely sick and tired of reading the messages written by American citizens on UK news websites. You are entitled to your backward, right-wing, racist, xenophobic views, but we don't want to constantly subjected to them. It's not a big thing to ask other than comment on your own sites and leaves ours alone."
Why? They (like all of us) get subjected to the looser, left-wing, PC, Internationalist views of the BBC (paid by all of us to boot) as well; it is perfectly fine that they reciprocate! Welcome to the Internet.
Frederick Davies, Oxford, UK
What a repulsive bunch of comments from US posters (what are they doing on here anyway? This is the site of a British newspaper). It seems Americans are still as paranoid about the Left as they ever were. It's clear that socialism cannot truly work in practice, but it's a pretty good ideal to aim for. I don't know enough about Royal to comment on her suitability, but Sarkozy has been described as France's answer to Thatcher... I can't think of anything more terrifying than that.
Matthew, London, UK
I don't think it's so much that anyone got paid off. Royal was the underdog for the Socialist nomination, so she was exciting and it was fun to talk her up. But when she got the nomination, she was the frontrunner and Sarkozy was the underdog -- remember, she was outpolling him for a long time -- so it was no longer interesting to talk about how great she was. The media just wants to keep it a horse race.
((Plus, she *is* incompetent. Vive Sarko!))
Susannah, Williamsburg,
Hilliary and Sego have much in common. Both are narcissists. Both are socialists. Both are amatuers. And neither will ever be a President. On the whole, Sego seems personally less objectionable than Hillary, but both are potential national disasters their countrymen will be wise enough to eschew.
Michael Grable, Silver Spring, USA/MD
I am absolutely sick and tired of reading the messages written by American citizens on UK news websites. You are entitled to your backward, right-wing, racist, xenophobic views, but we don't want to constantly subjected to them.
It's not a big thing to ask other than comment on your own sites and leaves ours alone.
Lara, London,
The problem with Royale was not that she was a woman, but that she was a Presidential candidate with no substance. Trying to use her femininity as a trump card merely illustrated that she had very little else to offer. I would love to see a female president of France, but one who is first and foremost a great leader with ideas, and only then a woman.
Joel, The Hague, The Netherlands
This is one more nail in the coffin of Hillary Clinton's political viability. Similar effects are likely in 2008. Whether it hits her in the primaries or, if she pulls it out, and it hits her in the general. No gender gap with Hillary Clinton.
Anil Petra, New York,
It will be good to see France fixing its problems. You can track most of its problems on the economy and jobs. I think Sarko will have his work cut out for him but I think that he will turn that country around.
Seth Mauseth, Raleigh, North Carolina, usa
Here in the south of Louisiana, of french origin, with a continuing interest of all of France, we are greatly pleased of the victory of Sarko. He represents the "right-conservative"views much similar to that of our own population. Vivre la monde francophone et vivre la mentality conservative.
larry gooch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
Mr. Christopher Lord wrote, "remember that she, unlike Sarko, is a product of the elite Ecole Nationale d'Administration, and so paradoxically is the establishment candidate in a way." Just goes to show how low the "establishment" of France has gone to come up with this doctrinaire leftist. If the socialists are able to block Sarkozy's program France will be the loser and America and the "Anglo" world will gain by comparison, if you believe in a zero sum society. If you believe that a rising tide lifts all boats the whole world will lose if France continues to sink, as a sinking France is a drag on today's world!
David S. Levine, Hobe Sound, FL, , USA
French electing change, rejecting the status quo ?!
Their choice is between necessary change with Sarkozy ... or hide in their socialistic Royal womb and continue their decline.
Stan Sims, Toronto, Canada
It sounds if the Left and Right in France are very similar to their counterparts in the States.
The Mummy-statist Left, with their over-reliance on form over substance, will continue to struggle until they actually are able to present ideas for governing which appeal to voters.
Henry Mitchell, Raleigh, USA/NC
Khaleeb, and how exactly is a security council veto an indicator of France's relevance? If Russia, China, or the US decide to do anything they wish and France does not like it, all it can do is veto until they are blue and throw hissy fits and sulk, its current relations with the US being a good example. The Security Council veto is a powerful vote in a powerless and irrelevant organization - as if it could be any other way, since it has no army and depends on "donations".
I do agree with your other points.
Paul, Philadelphia, USA
I find it strange that there are so many comments from America on a French election in a British paper. Its good to see Americans taking an interest in anything outside their country. Is it because you have finally seen through your one dimensional press ?
But I hope you guys take a similar active interest in your own elections in a couple of years time.
Abid, Milton Keynes,
The American views of France as expressed here are just amazing. The 'War on Terror' was barely mentioned during the campaign and neither was Islam. Sego did quite well in the final TV debate actually, and remember that she, unlike Sarko, is a product of the elite Ecole Nationale d'Administration, and so paradoxically is the establishment candidate in a way. Women, however, feel that she is 'not feminine', because France has the unusual combination of the highest female employment in Europe plus old-fashioned ideas from these same women that women should be interested in clothes, lipstick, babies, cooking, etc. and not in arguing with men. But Sarko's attempted revolution will be doomed from the outset because he is not a unifying character (like de Gaulle, say) but a highly divisive figure who will be opposed on every issue by the Socialists and the smaller left-wing parties. The 35-hour week looks like a good candidate for an issue on which neither side will budge an inch.
Christopher Lord, La Chapelle, France
Royal cannot win and must not win. She can only convince the world that France is ready to be divided up by other nations, should other nations decide to send in the dozen or so soldiers necessary to get the french government to surrender. The world views France as a place has seen its best days and they are in its past, a place that will knuckle under to any tinhorn dictator that makes a demand, a place that will undoubtedly need the United States to rescue it again from its next invader and a place that will continue to bite the hand that feeds it while licking the hand of the one who beats it with a stick.
Politically Royal has no gravitas, but plenty of chutzbah, this is a dangerous combination in the leader of a nation that has neutered itself internally and internationally.
I can only hope that the people of France recognize the danger that they face.
John, Frederick , Maryland / USA
As a women, I would never vote for a candidate just because of their gender or race. Anyone who would choose their president on such a basis has very little intelligence or understanding and are not deserving of a vote. Women voters should not be swayed by candidates cries of" Lets Hear It For The First Women Prez" or lets hear it for the first black Prez and so on. I hope most of us out there have more credit than that ,we vote on real issues which relate to our daily lives and also the best interests of our country and its citizens.
Maeve, Ireland
Maeve McHugh, Dublin, Ireland
I am expecting calls for a REVOTE should this Socialist Candidate Lose..Protests as we have seen in Mexico and Lenanon..and Florida 2000...threats of riots ..which are common in France shows desperation...with her changing comments and lack of details..she appears to be the Hillary (Rodham) Clinton of France! With all the silliness of Chirac...threats of riots and displays of support for China and the Taliban are proof that Socialism still is missing the point of a Failed Society which is weakening France a ONCE PROUD COUNTRY!.
Lara Barker, So. Boston, Ma
Maybe we should send over a few hundred thousand illegal immigrants to march down the streets of Paris carrying Mexican flags. That stunt last year in Los Angeles woke up the voters in the USA better than anything else could have!
Richard, Thousand Oaks, California
International capital will flee from France if a Socialist is elected president. Taxes will rise on everything and any business that can leave the country will do so as well. In the history of mankind when has Socialism ever caused a country to become an "engine of growth and prosperity"? The opposite has always resulted.
Kevin Day, San Diego, USA
I find it interesting that the press corps who were heralding her as the next incarnation of Christ switched so quickly to pecking her eyes out. Who got paid off?
tim ferrell, Surry, Maine, USA
I think the women of France are becoming very afraid of the rise of the muslims in their country. They are looking for a strong man to protect them. Yeah, I know, I'm a sexist American pig but you know I am right. Anybody see the video of the stoning of a17 year old girl in Iraq? The barbarians have invaded and France needs another Charles Martel........
Ed, Bellingham, Washington, USA
Royal and Clinton can't be compared. Royal is too old fashioned, incompetent. Clinton is not only a woman, she is a real politician who knows her topics
Being french and living in france, I agree with khaleeb on one point : to earn a good living, they are better places. It's a shame that we are rich but people are losing their buying power. And it's certainly not with Ségo and socialism that it'll change! And about international affairs, she knows nothing, she won't help us being relevant...
finally, being a woman, i indeed prefer a macho man than an incompetent prude.
louisa, Soissons, France
I expect Sarkozy will win today....and Summer is coming on so that will mean another 4000 rockets or so from Lebanon toward Israel. France's new post in the world will be to koin the war against Islam in Labanon and also throughout it's own cities....... this is what people will be expecting...otherwise, another summer of Muslim ghetto riots will become an expected annual event. The French are voting today to determine now whether or not their men still have any courge at all to rid the world of their enemies... St. Denis will will watching.
William R. Smith, Marietta, Georgia, USA
Segolene Royal has an exotic name and Hollywood looks. She is teriffic eye candy on the campaign trail with her mini-skirts and broad smile. However in debate she is a disembler, shrill and self-absorbed; coming across as highly emotional rather than rational when arguing a point. She is not the one to lead the French, a great people, at this critical time.
Tom Coffey, New York City,
The bizarre idea that the economy, which produces all the cash the state throws at the problems it causes in education and the environment, is a "male" topic explains why Sarko will prevail. It seems the average French voter enjoys a much firmer attachment to reality than the average journalist, including below-average journalists such as Matthew Campbell, who dedicated the entire article to providing his fellow travelers nonsense excuses for France's rejection of Royal's socialist policies.
I bet Johnny Halladay is loving the spectacle, and not due to any personal ire with Royal.
Robert Bennett, Lausanne, Switzerland
What a sad, sexist, biased piece of journalism.
Steve B, Biarritz, France
I agree with rob from Boston. Socialism is the real problem here. If mediocracy is the goal, then how could anything but mediocracy be the result?. Now, throw in some unrestricted immigration from middle eastern countrys who hate the west, and France will have some serious problems in the near future. Certainly more problems than any two mediocre presidential candidates could properly address properly. Wake up France!, it`s going to get worse before it gets better.. FREEDOM IS THE ONLY ANSWER
Robert, New Orleans, La
It's not a man versus woman issue, it's a question of which candidate is best-suited to repair the French economy, address unemployment, thaw Chirac's chilled relations with the US, and address the issue of increasingly discontent Muslim youth. It looks like they wisely realized Royal was not the answer.
Burton, New York City, New York
I with Rob, USA on this. Socialism is a nasty piece of work that dresses itself up as altruism and destroys civilisations. Wake up Britain and learn from France that Europe's survival means driving out the demons of the Left.
stevgillamos, Romford,
It seems like candidate public image plays a big role in this election. The problem here is that Royal's recent actions have made her look desperate. Resorting to scare-mongering about violence and exploiting her gender in the face of unfavorable opinion poll results makes her look like a wounded animal: an image that not a lot of people would willing to back in a presidential candidate.
Robert, Vancouver, Canada
I believe you've left out one point about Ms. Royale which might be effecting the conservative over 65 female demographic. She is a woman with 4 children who has never been married.
Michelle, Berlin, Germany
I don't know why people would vote for Royal - but I know why they would not. Her economic policies are illiterate, founded in a mystic belief in the power of a strong state to command the economy. Her hectoring manner has shielded her from being required to explain how this can turn France back into one of the motors of Europe. She is a bully who has accused those who doubt her of being prejudiced against women. She had few political friends and has lost many of those. She has split the Socialist Party and it is hard to see how it will recover - which may be a good thing.
David, Brussels,
Hey, what are you sayin'? Sarkozy is really dangerous ... And Royal is just fantastic. Perhaps she'll lose the game tonight, but let me tell you that the situation is going to get really worst with the small guy
zouheir, paris, france
There is a great quotation from H.L. Mencken's essay, "In Defense of Women," that is a much better explanation as to why these practical French ladies are supporting Sarky, than is the politically correct speculation contained in this article:
"A French housewife has little use for a garbage can, save as a depository for uplifting literature. She does her best with the means at her disposal, not only in war time but at all times."
Patrick, London, Angleterre
I disagree with just about everybody who posted. (1): Mecki, France is a good place to retire to or visit not a good place to earn a living, so, regardless of who wins the presidency, let's not have any talk of moving to France. (2): Tom, Obama is just the flavor of the month. He will fade because he is even more inexperienced than Hillary Clinton. (3): Ruxiang Wu, the United States is so anti-French I doubt any French domestic events will impact US politics. (4): Cyrus, while France perhaps should be irrelevant in international affairs, I think an country wielding a Security Council veto cannot be irrelevant.
Khaleeb, OKC, Oklahoma
For me, it is not a question of male versus female. I would seriously consider voting for Hillary Clinton because she is competent. Royal appears to be lacking in that department. Also, French Socialism is frightfully out of touch with the realities of today.
Anne, Geneva,
Royal is not the problem per se. The issue is socialism itself, which works in theory but not in practice.
Socialism ends up motivating the lazy to become lazier and demotivates the most productive member of society - those that fix, build, and create what society values.
Socialism is only good at equally dividing up all the poverty it creates.
Rob, Boston, USA, Massachusetts
My son who used to live in France said that if Sarkozy wins in France and Hilary wins the White House it will be time to move back to France.
Mecki, Shingle Springs, CA
Mecki , Shingle Springs, CA,
Oh, please, Ruxiang Wu. Don't even compare Hilary Clinton w/ Royal. Hilary is master of her brief, Royal just a pretty face.
Marina, Paris, France
Hillary Clinton should take notice. Appealing for votes based on your gender insults women and turns off men. Hillary doesn't have much of a record to stand on so that's she's been doing. However, she has the highest negative rating of any presidential candidate. She is trailing behind Giuliani and McCain in national polls despite an unpopular war. Obama is doing better and he's not making any cheap appeals like Hillary is.
Tom Galvin, New York, N.Y.
The crushing defeat for Ségolène Royal in France would be viewed as a bad omen for Hillary Clinton. Tonight no one would be more anxious than she to know who will be the next occupant of Elysee Palace.
Ruxiang Wu, Atlanta, Georgia
Imagine the late Charles de Gaulle of France?
Look at today France! So, the French election is showing us that the France is not relevant power any more in the international politics.
Cyrus, San Francisco, CA
Indeed, as a "formidable leader of the opposition", she can play the role of formidable housewife who will exact of her husband an exact accounting of his time at work and demand that he bring home the bacon without fail.
HILLBLOGGER3, paris, france