Charles Bremner in Paris
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Transport chaos is expected in France today as the country enters a trial of strength between President Sarkozy and public sector workers who are going on strike over pensions.
The outcome of the indefinite action by national railway and Paris transport workers will seal the fate of the more radical medicine that Mr Sarkozy promised to administer to France in his election campaign last spring. “It is by vanquishing the street that Sarkozy will win or lose his ability to deepen reforms and put in place the clean break that he announced more than a year ago,” Le Figaro said.
The only train service due to run normally is the Eurostar, which opens its new 2 hour 15 minute link between London, St Pancras and the Paris Gare du Nord this morning. Police are deployed near the station to prevent disruption by pickets or students who have mounted a broad “antiSarko” movement and fought antiriot squads in three universities yesterday.
As travellers cancelled journeys and commuters prepared for days of disruption, cycling, car-pooling or staying at home, Mr Sarkozy warned the trade unions that he would not surrender, as previous governments had done.
“I will pursue these reforms to the end,” he told the European Parliament. “Nothing will blow me off course. The French people approved these reforms. I told them all about it before the elections so I would be able to do what was necessary,” he said.
Mr Sarkozy, nicknamed the Hyper-President, is counting on solid public backing, but is worried about the darkening mood in the country six months into his five-year term. The French are feeling less well-off than ever despite his promises to unleash growth with summer tax cuts. A poll for Libération found that 79 per cent believed that he had so far failed to meet his central economic pledge. Some of his aides are reported to be blaming one another for bungled economic decisions in the early months.
Mr Sarkozy was, however, comforted by polls that show about 55-60 per cent of voters against the strikes, which are being waged to save early retirement schemes. This support contrasts with majority backing for the strikers who defeated President Chirac’s government in the last big shutdown, over the same pensions issue, in 1995.
Leaders of the mainstream trade unions are uneasy about alienating opinion with strikes that are being driven by Trotskyite and other hard-core leftwingers. Most concede privately that the early retirement of rail, energy and other public sector workers can no longer be sustained and that their conditions must be aligned with those of the civil service. They blame Mr Sarkozy for failing to offer enough sweeteners. The opposition Socialist party agrees, though François Hollande, their leader, accused Mr Sarkozy of provoking the strikes.
The union hardliners, such as Christian Mahieux of the militant Sud-Rail union, are drawing strength from residual sympathy for the workers in France’s ancient class wars. Mr Mahieux said that his goal was the defeat of the whole Sarkozy reform programme. “The Government will have no choice but to cede and withdraw its [pensions] proposal,” he added.
At stake in the strikes are the early retirement terms of 500,000 workers in transport, energy, the merchant navy and the Paris opera and other state theatres. The pensions are at present costing taxpayers €5 billion (£3 billion a year) to subsidise.
Teachers, hospital and post office and other state staff, whose pensions were reformed in 2003, are to strike on November 20 against Mr Sarkozy’s plans to trim the civil service. The rail strikes may last until then, although services are expected to resume as members of moderate unions return to work by the weekend.
Unrest at the universities has sparked disputes between militants who want to “bring down the Sarkozy administration” and apparent majorities of students who are opposed to disruption. The focus of the protests is a reform that will allow universities, which are chronically neglected and underperforming, to charge fees and accept donations from business.
In Nanterre, western Paris, students clashed with riot police who fired tear gas and forced open doors, though classes remained cancelled.
How the campaign will be waged
From today until further notice
— On the national SNCF railways, only nine out of 700 high-speed express trains (TGV) will run
— Thirty intercity expresses will run
— No commuter or regional train services will run
— The Eurostar link with London St Pancras should operate normally
— The Thalys service to Brussels and the Netherlands will have 30-minute delays
Paris
— The RATP bus, underground and tram system will run about one in ten services, with traffic normal only on underground line No 14
— The Government is advising people to delay journeys at least until the weekend. With transport around Paris and on railways out of action, travellers will have to use taxis, buses, hire cars and bicycles
— Most of the 15,000 vélib self-service bicycles of Paris are likely to be hired early in the day
Power supplies
— Workers at EDF and GDF electricity and gas utilities are also on strike
Entertainment
— The Opera de Paris and Comédie Française are on strike today and November 22
November 20
— There will be a strike by teachers, students, school pupils, post office workers and France Télécom staff
November 29
— Justice Ministry employees will strike over plans to close rural law courts
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We could do with a show-down with the public sector unions and their gold plated pensions in England. Pity we don't have politicians with the guts to do it....of course, the politicians have platinum plated pensions!
Philippa Pirie, London, England
break the unions, the only way, too much power.
jim, donegal, ireland
Carole: if France cannot afford this "system", how come Sarkozy doesn't mind saying loud and clear he should have an increase in wages? Maybe he just feels he has a right to eat more caviar...
V Tan: I believe it is actually reassuring to see that the future generation still is aware of the dangers of our system and of our president ..."over generous"? God help you.
Claire(student), Bordeaux, France
How does driving a TGV constitute hard work. The Cheminot no longer shovels coal he has 8 weeks holiday and sits in the most modern train cabin around!
My wife is French, I have lived in Paris a large part of my life. I have also just spent 2 years in India and now live in the USA.
The French system needs to change. You can no longer expect something for nothing. Those who support theses unions try coming to work here and see what gets taken off your salary in social charges. I would like to hear you then. You will then gradually meet all those people that abuse the system and soon get to realise it can't continue
It is a joke. I can't be sustained. Come on Sarkosy
And come on the French, I know the majority support the President.
Alister, Paris,
Bon jour. I am quite with you here, Marc of Barthelemy about the English speaking peoples -- the Brits and Yanks in particular? -- whose assumptions about their cultural/linguistic superiority, in their estimation, preclude the need to learn any other language besides their own. But from my observation of the expat staff based here at the French hypermarket chain, Carrefour, they too, seem to me to be tongue-tied when it comes to speaking even a word of the local language. They give the impression that they regard it as a lingo of the 'sans culottes' -- so why bother to learn it. The world indeed, would be a better place if everyone made an effort to learn each other's (even a word or two) language.
Viva Babel!
SD Goh, PJ, Malaysia
Victor, you may well be right that there are some who deserve early retirement more than others, but the fact is that France simply cannot afford to support this system any longer. It costs far too much, and as the balance tips so that there are more people who are retired rather than working this will only get worse. France's labour laws in general need radical changes, so that young people can get jobs, new businesses can start up and the country can move forward. The key is flexibility.
Carole, Paris,
This strike is about making those on special regimes work until the same retirement age as those in easy, indoor jobs such as Bankers, white collar workers, Presidents, Kings and Queens. Statistically the man who works the graveyard shift, doing maintenance on trains in all weathers, the Fireman, the Policeman walking the beat in Soho until sunrise all die before retirement age, or just about that time. The Banker Boys and the others work far less than these special regime, early retirement people in France. They work in excellent conditions, receive excellent pay, and often live to be 90, costing the nations Billions more than those upon whose shoulders they stand, that social injustice has already sent to the bone yard!
Shame on the Kings, the Queens, the Presidents, the Politicians, and the Professions who refuse others a few years of retirement payments, so that they may live those years instead. That is what the strike in France is about.
Victor Compton, Cherbourg, France
The French have to face the reality of globalisation. It has been put off for too long and will be a painful adjustment. The current state of affairs can't continue indefinately in France, and Sarkozy knows this. The time has finally come when militant unions must be defeated.
Martyn, London, England
The French a wonderful people. Parisiennes are wonderful people. I am English and I have a home in Paris. My family and ffriends love to visit because the Parisiennes are polite and friendly. This rumour about the Parisienne being unfriendly is probably fostered by the British who cannot even say, "Good-day" when entering a shop.
Mr Tim, you do not know what you are talking about. The French may be even nicer to Americans if Americans would make a small attempt at learning another language. This is not just my opinion, it is, also, the opinion of my wife, who is........ American.
Marc, St. Barthelemy,
The french working class are flexing their muscles. And about time. What a marvelous inspiration for all workers around the world who are facing the same neo-liberal ( Thatcherite monetarist) policies as what Sarkosy is trying to implement.
The trade union leaders in britain need to take a leaf out the more militant french trade unions books. Gordon Brown is carrying out the same policies as Sarkosy. They are birds of a feather.The kind of coordinated generalised strike action is the only language these neo-libereals like sarkosy and brown understand.
There is a real prospect of a new 1968 or 1936 situation inherrent in the situation facing France at the moment. Already the youth in the universities and schools are linking up with the industrial workers. Sarkosy may have to eat his words if he iw not to face another 'Degaulle' situation when Degaulle hadv to flee to Germany because he could not control the situation in France. All power to the French working class. Bring down the Go
Brian Lewis, Mountain Ash, UK
I can understand the older generation striking to protect their over generous pensions, but the students striking?
These students are striking to defend antiquated over generous social benefits that do not reflect the much improved working conditions of the 21st century.
If this is the future generation of France, God help them.
V Tan, London,
Strikers are nice fellows ,anyway , as Eurostar is O.K. Vive l'amitié franco-britannique !
Georget, Saint-Ouen, France
The French are very nice people...Then you have the Parisian/Parisienne....Even the French stay away from them ,like a bad rouge wine....
Mr tim, san marcos, US of A///Ca