Thomas Catan in Madrid
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to The Sunday Times

Spain's Socialist leader is set to meet the Pope's representative today amid a storm of controversy over the Roman Catholic Church's calls to oust him from power.
José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero plans to tell Monsignor Manuel Monteiro de Castro, the Papal Nuncio, that the Church must respect the elected Government and refrain from campaigning for the opposition before the March 9 general election.
“They will address the recent difficulties and clashes between the Church and the Government”, a government official said.
Spanish bishops waded into the election campaign two weeks ago when they effectively directed Spaniards to vote against the Government and in favour of the conservative Popular Party.
In a paper setting out the Church's “moral guidance” for voters, the Episcopal Conference attacked the Government's moves to legalise gay marriage, make divorce easier and remove religious education from the compulsory school curriculum.
Those policies have all been sources of friction with the Church in the past. This time the bishops went further, condemning the Government for its attempts to negotiate a peace treaty with the Basque separatist group, Eta. It also hit out at a law that aims to redress the grievances of the victims of General Franco's four-decade dictatorship in Spain.
“While it is true that Catholics may support different political parties ... it is also true that not all their programmes are equally compatible with faith and the demands of Christian life,” the bishops said.
The Government reacted with fury, accusing the bishops of wishing to return to the Franco era, when they held sway over the Spanish population. It also hinted that it may revisit a 2006 agreement with the Vatican that safeguarded state funding for the Catholic Church in Spain.
“The bishops' alliance with the Popular Party will fundamentally alter the relationship with the Government,” the Socialist Party leadership cautioned.
Relations between the Church and the Government took a turn for the worse in December, when a 150,000-strong march in support of the family turned into an anti-government tirade. Bishops told the crowd that the “family is under strong attack” and gave warning that under Mr Zapatero's rule “we are heading towards the end of democracy”.
Their condemnation of Mr Zapatero's efforts to negotiate an end to Eta's four-decade violent campaign for an independent Basque state added fresh fuel to the fire. “The bishops have no right to use terrorism as a campaign issue,” said Mr Zapatero, adding that they had clearly overstepped their role.
Critics also accused the bishops of hypocrisy, given that they did not object to similar efforts in 1999 by José María Aznar, the Conservative former Prime Minister. The Church played an active role in those negotiations: the Bishop of San Sebastián, Juan María Uriarte, worked as a mediator with the Vatican's blessing. Catholic supporters of the Socialist Party were also angry. “It is one thing to put forward the Catholic viewpoint, and quite another to enter politics and take sides,” said Carlos García de Andoin, head of the Christian Socialists group. “This should not be the Church's role.”
Relations between the Church and the Left have been poisoned since the Civil War in the 1930s, when Communist and Anarchist irregulars burnt churches and killed thousands of priests. The Spanish Church strongly supported Franco's Fascist dictatorship and some bishops were even pictured in stiff-armed salutes.
Thorny issues
— Gay marriage: In 2005 Spain became one of only three countries to legalise full, same-sex marriage
— Religious instruction: The Socialists scrapped plans to make religious education compulsory in schools
— Express divorce: New fast-track divorces are regarded by the Church as an attack on the traditional family
— Citizenship classes: The Church regards the introduction of the EU-mandated course as an effort to usurp its role in the moral education of children
— Peace process: Bishops say that negotiations with Eta were immoral
— Historic memory law: The Church says that efforts to redress grievances of victims of Franco's regime are “historical manipulation”
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Having grown up in the Catholic Spain of the sixties I turned my back as teenager to the hypocresy of the Church and in particular of the society of that time. Nowadays I could not say that what society has achieved is better with the lost of the moral and ethich principles of religion.
Coral, Villaviciosa de Odon, Spain
I turned my back to the Catholic church in Spain in the seventies. However, what Zapatero is doing to the Catholic church is no doubt harrasment. The media controlled by the Government do not miss any oportunity to ridiculize the church and religious people, which are often equaled to fascists.
Coral, Villaviciosa de Odon, Spain
Robert has hit on something important, but I contest his description of the Spanish government as being pagan. It is not so much pagan as viciously anti-clerical. I visited Madrid before Christmas and was shocked to see churches and convents sprayed with messages which translate as "the only church which illuminates is the one that burns". One historic renaissance convent in the centre of Madrid housing a score of nuns was attacked with a firebomb in the wake of a series of republican rallies, whilst most of the nuns slept. Luckily one of them smelt the smoke from the door in flames and alerted the police and fire brigade. The affair was hushed up by the press but anyone walking past the Descalzas Reales will be able to see for themselves the damage. I suppose stuff like this is just too much for a foreign correspondent to get around to looking into. Pity.
Thomas, Granada, Spain
It is the Spanish government that is infringing the spirit in terms of the Concordat with the Vatican.
This is one of the most aggressively pagan governments that Spain has ever had, and it is constantly seeking to push back the boundries of what is acceptable, it is a uniquely dreadful government and the sooner the Spanish see tha back of it the better.
When you have a government in such a traditional Catholic country, seeking to change its nature into something horrible, and disgusting, then you have a recipe for a country on the verge of insurrection.
They are the true heirs of the republican government of the 30's .
~~~
Robert, Birmingham , UK
Catholic Church may not criticise any measures taken by Spanish Government as relationship between Catholic Church and State are base on the Concordate Spain-Vatican City.
That is not the same situation with other religions (jews, muslims and luterans) which Spain regulated by ordinary law relationship with. These ones can perfectly criticise as any other association those measures they consider.
But Spanish Catholic Church is Vatican City, and Vatican City is a State. Spanish Catholic Church criticising the Government is the same as saying Vatican City criticise Spanish Government in electoral time. That is unacceptable!
Carlos Garcia, Castellon de la Plana, Spain
Bishops' language was wrong because it was quite close to the language used by some extreme right jornalist. However, the essence of this guidance for voters is perfectly faithful to Catechism of the Catholic Church. The Government reaction has been extremely hysterical and disproportionate because Mr. Zapatero is trying to change the current non-denominational state into a secular state against moral majority.
Giovanni Palma, La Palma, Canary Islands
Pedro "What irks me is the fact that the Church says they are politically neutral"
They are politically neutral in the sense that they support whoever doesn't contradict fundamental tenets of the faith. That happens to usually be the right, but not necessarily, and in other countries it is the left.
In an absolute sense they are not neutral, but then no human institution that requires adherence to a core of beliefs or policies can be said to be neutral since a government may attempt to press against those beliefs.
But governments are here today, and gone tomorrow. Institutions with stronger foundations must be listened to with respect at the very least, since they are more enduring and ultimately more powerful.
Greg Lorriman, Leatherhead, UK
It is quite obvious that the Church has a right to advice or criticise any measures that they feel go against their convictions, but that is quite different from telling people that there lies the end of democracy, as they do all the time. And I remind you that anyone who analyses reality from a political point of view is himself subject of a political analysis. What irks me is the fact that the Church says they are politically neutral. They are not, and never will be.
Pedro Centeno, Badajoz, Spain
Why can a newspaper or trade union support a candidate and the Church can't? In a mature democracy everybody makes public his opinion and so does rightly the Spanish bishops.
Nando, BRUSSELS, Belgium
Bishops are not campaigning for any given party. They never have. They remind catholics of the basic principles of their faith and ask them to act accordingly.
No wonder Zapatero is getting nervous and starting to have recourse to bullying tactics, and in his own words revelling in the tension he believes will win him the elections this time, in the absence, we hope, of terrorist acts to manipulate in his benefit.
Church funding is part payment of enormously beneficial social work carried out by the church in areas which the state cannot cope with and simply abandons. If the state were to take charge of this work, its cost would more than double.
The church is free to give its opinion, and even eventually give recommendations as to vote, as we all are, including the Junta Islamica, or Spain's embarassing troupe of heavily subsidised millionaire actors, or Gay organisations who all ask openly for a vote for Zapatero. Why shouldn't the church be entitled to have its say?
Manuela Fernandez Flor, Paracuellos, Spain
For those of us who love freedom, let bishops take care of their herds, but since they receive 950 million euros a year from the Spanish government they should at least show some respect and not bite the hand that feeds them. Otherwise, refrain from any subsidy from the Spanish government and the Church would be absolutely free to say what they feel like.
Fernando Cano, Madrid, Spain
Zapatero behaves quite cautiously in the very thin line that divides dogma from human reason. In the XII century, Averroes saved the works of Aristoteles saying that metaphysics was just philosophical truth not questining Theological truth, to avoid the religious authorities. After eight centuries, Voltaire, Hume, so many others, including Heisenberg etc. ve are so far away of those priests, that if they are expected to do something for Spain is nothing else than to organise processions with saints and all the paraphernalia to fight climate change, or to have rains... ¡Now that Benedictus XVI is revindicating physical hell somewhere beyond the Hubble! Anything but to interfere in what belongs to the human right to reason. Even if it is in the very weird domain of ethics and politics.
Oriol Gaspar, Barcelona, Spain
Give thanks to the bishops that we still have them to stand up for the sanctity of the human family. Don't expect the heathens and barbarians to go easy - they never have.
Viva Cristo Rey!
Marcum, San Francisco, CA/USA
Zapatero is showing his determination towards the Bishops intrusions in civil affairs. Zapetero is right and his politic is very good!
Thank you José Luis RodrÃguez Zapatero to preserve a secular state in Spain
Pier Paolo Marchisio, York,
"the Church must respect the elected Government and refrain from campaigning for the opposition"
No, it's the Church's right, and her duty, to guide her people on the way they should vote having regard to the moral issues and the party most likely to accept the Church's moral line is the party Catholics should vote for.
I hope they continue to campaign against the disgraceful Zapatero. They've obviously got him running scared.
Martin, Hereford, England
I wish our own church would show some of the same resolve and vigour that the Catholic church displays in Spain.
Denis Collins, Colchester,
Religious superstition has no place in government, the Bishops should get on with what they're paid for, terrifying the gullible, and leave the running of countries to those democratically elected to do so.
Alan C, Bixter, Shetland
Viva Christo Rey!
God bless the Spanish bishops in there efforts to save Christian civilisation.
James Stubbs, COVENTRY,