Matthew Campbell
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A THEOLOGIAN putting together a new Norwegian translation of the Old Testament has called for the word “hell” to be edited out of the Bible.
Odd Bondevik, a retired bishop, raised the question in Vart Land, a Christian daily newspaper, in January. Now it has become a burning topic.
The world “hell”, Bondevik says, has been “banalised” by overuse and its meaning has shifted from the biblical sense of eternal flames, damnation and torment.
Bondevik, 67, suggests an alternative: Gehenna, a Hebrew synonym for the place of burning and perpetual despair, though one mark against it is that Gehenna is already the name of a Norwegian “black metal” band.
About 85% of Norway’s 4.7m people are members of the Lutheran Church of Norway and Bondevik’s idea has pleased few. Messages have appeared on internet forums telling the bishop not to mess with the bible. Or, in short, to go to Gehenna.
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'Hell', in the scripture is the place of punishment reserved for the 'dead'.
However, before Christianity distorted the concept of hell anyone speaking in the scriptural context of the 'dead' was not referring to human beings who had passed on.
The Hebrew scriptures used the term 'the dead' 'to relate to the collective gentile faiths who had no hope of a Messiah to be born out of them. Only the 'living' Hebrew faith had that hope.
When we Hebrews look at the Roman, Greek, Egyptian and indeed all other past pagan religions, we say they are in 'the grave' because no one looks to those things anymore.
Putting that concept toward human beings was a method of terrifying capturing the superstitous into their worship practices.
Ian, London,
Lets just use the most accurate word to reflect the meaning of the greek and hebrew text. Lets not try to put our cultural opinions in as much as possible.
joe, quebec, quebec, quebec
Once one leaves the Latin Vulgate text behind, there are perpetual problems of translation into the vernacular, which are often self-serving in one way or another.
There are 110 references to hell in the Bible, 87 in the Old Testament. The vast majority use the Latin word "Infernus"- although there is one use at least of Gehenna in the Vulgate.
Chris Gillibrand, Brussels , Belgium
I'll challenge your logic Leslie. You're quite correct in saying that the concept of hell is not based upon empirical evidence. It's indeed based upon the bible, or an interpretation of it, and thus falls into the category of testimonial evidence in epistemology; this is a valid form of knowledge but understandably needs more consideration than empirical as it is less reliable.
However, to say that 'the reverse is also true on epistemological criteria' misunderstands epistemology. Epistemology is concerned with how we acquire knowledge, there is no form of knowledge (eg. analytic, empirical, or testimonial) to suggest the above conclusively. The only way to demonstrate that would be to produce a psychology/anthropology to explain the origin of religious belief of such breathtaking accuracy that all experiments confirmed this to be the best explanation. As yet these fields are too young to produce such. Yet the testimonial evidence for God creating man is not negligible.
Stuart, Cambridge,
Hell hath no fury like a women scorned so it is alleged. Then possibly God hath no fury like hell scorned or fury due to the proposed changed from the original translation! This of course is meaningless as indeed is the concept hell as it is not based not on emprirical evidence but on the bible which is mans interpretation of the unknown. Man was created by God and the reverse is also true on epistmelogical criteria. I would welcome any person to challenge the above logic. The only beings to challenge this logic of whether helll exists or not is God or those who have experienced hell and I do not mean hell on earth but the biblical hell. Alas nobody had returned from the dead and hell to answer these mythological questions. I remain skeptical and the proverbial doubting Thomas,
Leslie BH Birmingham
Leslie Blennerhassettt, Birmingham, UK
How do you feel about the word "whore"? BBC ban it, but it must occur many, many times in the Bible. Something a little more PC, perhaps?
Andrew Milner, Yokohama, Japan
Hell cannot exist without heaven and I am sure anybody claiming hell should be withdrawn from the Bible needs to go back to the drawing board pretty quickly !!!!
Ian Payne, WALSALL,