Mark Franchetti, outside Tbilisi
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Twenty-four hours after Condoleezza Rice, the US secretary of state, flew into Georgia and demanded the immediate departure of Russian troops, they were on the move yesterday.
However, instead of retreating north into South Ossetia, where Moscow-backed separatists have been fighting to break away from Georgia, the Russians headed south towards the capital, Tbilisi. They came to a halt only 20 miles outside the city.
A convoy of two Russian tanks, several armoured personnel carriers mounted with heavy machineguns and Russian flags and a few trucks filled with troops took up positions along the main road from Tbilisi to Gori, Stalin’s home town near the South Ossetian border.
The incursion was the deepest into Georgia proper since hostilities began 10 days ago. The troops dug foxholes along a hill only 30 minutes’ drive from the capital, watched by heavily armed Georgian soldiers and police. Men from the rival camps who had been shelling one another a few days earlier suddenly found themselves too close for comfort.
At first, the soot-covered Russian soldiers sat idly on their vehicles, cradling AK47s under the heat of a searing sun. Then a Georgian soldier in US-issued camouflage walked up to them carrying his national flag. Within minutes the two sides were chatting and exchanging cigarettes and water.
“It’s beautiful here,” said one Russian officer as he stepped out of a jeep with tinted windows. “This is a place where one should come on holiday, not war.”
The bonhomie was misleading, however. Some of the Georgian soldiers were visibly stunned to see a foreign army so deep inside their country.
They seemed alarmed that Russian military operations still had not ended four days after President Dmitry Medvedev announced that he had halted them.
The previous day Rice had all but forced Mikhail Saakashvili, the Georgian president, to sign a ceasefire that sealed his defeat. Yesterday Medvedev added his signature.
The document, drafted under the supervision of President Nicolas Sarkozy of France and amended by the Kremlin, allows the Russian military to remain in South Ossetia and Abkhazia, the two breakaway regions that Saakashvili had vowed to return to Tbilisi’s control.
Even more damaging for the Georgian leader’s political prospects, it gives the Russians the right to remain several miles inside Georgian territory to await an international peace-keeping force - which could take weeks to assemble.
Since the defeated and demoralised Georgian army pulled out of South Ossetia last week, the Russians have secured or destroyed its military installations and arms dumps.
By yesterday afternoon they had moved back towards South Ossetia but were still positioned on the outskirts of Gori and in the Black Sea port of Poti, where they have blown up several Georgian coastguard vessels.
South Ossetian paramilitaries were also still active in the west of the country where they were reported to be looting Georgian villages. They have been accused of ethnic cleansing, of torching villages and, in several cases, of abducting young women.
The Kremlin gave its strongest signal yet that both South Ossetia and Abkhazia would be integrated into Russia. Saakashvili’s future as president seemed far less certain.
He was vilified by the Kremlin as a US stooge before hostilities broke out. The Russians are now bent on seeing him removed from power. Moscow has dispatched investigators from the prosecutor’s office to South Ossetia to gather testimony that it hopes to use in a criminal case against the president.
In Tbilisi many last week thought Saakashvili’s fate was already sealed. While he is credited with turning round Georgia’s economy and modernising the small state, he is expected to face a furious backlash over the failed military action.
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Saakashvili has embarked on a massive propoganda campaign around the world to drag Russia's name through the mud. Georgia was the aggressor. It was an overreaction by Russia to cross the South Osetian border into Georgia but they did not start the conflict. Both sides provoke a greater war.
Richard, Cape Town, South Africa
What russians are doing on the Georgian's
soil?
Saakashvili's men didn't cross Russian boarder
ever.
Vladimir Raysh, Los Angeles, USA
To Anna from London - Instead of scolding Russians who so far help you to keep your creature comforts get some deeper search for "slaves" in your own history as well in that of your mad "big brother". "Slavs" means glorious in our language as for being submissive - look who's talking?
Lena, Tver, Russia
Europe put up with Hitler for 12 years and accepted billions in US aid and reconstruction until your Democracy was assured. Georgia, Ukraine and many others put up with the USSR and KGB gulags for 60 years and now that they are free, Europe wont lift a finger accept to slander the USA on here.
William, Atlanta, USA
Despite millions of dollars and pounds of military aid to Georgia and training by US military forces for four years, Georgia's sneak attack on South Ossetia was stoped dead in its tracks by 558 Russian soldiers. The Georgians deserted huge stocks of military equipment in their rush to desert.
Uri, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
You might find some comfort to hear to hysterical minded but mostly illiterate "witnesses", but there's no clear evidence that as soon as russian peacekeepers withdraw any peace will come instantly. Americans and georians are notorious for talking - russians do act there to get problems solved
Nina, Moscow,
As always, what Russia says and what Russia does, are in disagreement. Ignore their words watch their actions - brutal invaders still in position terrorising the civil population and destroying infrastructure a week after they pretended to withdraw.
Ian, Berwick, UK
Russia has as little regard for the human rights of foreigners as the USA does.
Our choice is between being vassals in Bush's and McCain's empire, or vassals in Russia's empire.
Keith S, Winnipeg, Canada
Azat, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia:
No Azat, you don't understand. Money in one hand and Kalashnikov in the other, with the big boot to kick your door in, is the Russian way. In the West aid is aid. Help is driven by compassion, not hte Russian desire to dominate. That's why you have a big country full of slaves, run by criminals.
Anna, London, UK
War is not a game.Civilians are killed .If Saakashvili went to
war rightly Georgia has to pay.Where is the problem? When Russia sent missiles to Cuba America did not wellcome them.
The embargo is still on.Now America wants to go to Georgia
and Ukraina and Russia should shut up?Where is democracy?
B.Benzi, Cesena, Italy
Dragutin, Burnaby, Canada
Quite right ...
"mutual respect between super powers are required"
"Unipolar world is path for destruction."
That's why it is essential that Russia abandons these brutal methods.
Sean, Coventry, UK
You are all so very upset that the US funded and trained Georgian military was completly routed by Russia. The US was so fast to support Kosovo independence than why not South Ossetian independence where 99% of population wants to join Russian Federation- the truth hurts George Bush America so bad.
Uri, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
When Yeltsin epoch was in Russia , our country was very weak and destroyed.Now we've became stronger much.USA wants to dominate every time and in whole world.Now many green dollars flow in Georgia and Ukraine, they think that is aid, but its debt and after some time they must be return debts to usa
Azat, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia
No need for a hatred frenzy and PR. Russia can't allow unfriendly neighborhood. NATO planners would love to see disintegration scenario implemented in Serbia, applied on Russia. Clear heads and mutual respect between super powers are required more than ever. Unipolar world is path for destruction.
Dragutin, Burnaby, Canada
Gordon Brown's silence clearly indicates his disinterest in the Russia/Georgia situation. Perhaps he's writing a book?
Paul Freeman, London, England
They seemed alarmed that Russian military operations still had not ended four days after President Dmitry Medvedev announced that he had halted them. It means simply that he as Putin have losen control of the events. The sovient mineded army is in charge now, they have their revenge of 2001.
davidsalome, Saint Petersburg, Russia
And where are Russian cares on South Ossetians when bombing Tskhinvali and killing there people????????Nowhere!!!!!!!!!Russia just cares on its ambitions to have S. Ossetia and Abkhazia and all other Georgia, as it wants to have other countries too, especially in east and central Europe!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Khatuna Chapichadze, Tbilisi, Georgia
We are not preparing , in the West, to a new cold world against Russia. We are preparing simply a war against this Putin's Russia. The terms of Putin's Russia are not acceptable because your Putin's terms mean war with us. That's simple and we will punish Putin's Russia until it changes.
davidsalome, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Russia is not ready to begin any type of build up. Just because they have oil now and money begins to flow from that oil they think world super power. To much Spartan thinking in thier administration. Stop shoving chest out and start thinking more about how and why there past lead to today.
Gary, 29palms, USA
i wonder what evidence the russian prosecutor will find? probably exactly what putin tells him to find.
if south ossetia and abkahasia are subsumed into russia, they will try to do the exact same thing in east ukraine. can ppl not tell that russia is playing cat and mouse? we need a big dog.
will, grimsby, uk
Russian did not let the US in -- it was too weak to keep others out so it had to strategically withdrawal from Eastern Europe and central Asia. Had it remained strong, it would never have done so. So the US moved in to help secure these newly freed areas.
bob smith, Dallas,
Russia is still commiting the GENOCIDE and ETNICAL CLEANSING against Georgian population in Gori, kareli, Kaspi and their villages, raping there even children!!! Georgia's territory is still ocuppied by Russian troops and tanks, thus violating the agreement on ceasefire and Rusian forces withdrow!!
Khatuna Chapichadze, Tbilisi, Georgia
The greatest offender against human rights and the greatest perpetrator of genocide in the history of the world investigating Saakashvili, are the Russians kidding? But then, as a people they have yet to come to terms with their own history.
Hans, Schenectady, USA