Tony Halpin in Tbilisi
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Georgia's breakway region of Abkhazia declared today that it would ask Russia to recognise its independence in a move that threatens to trigger a new crisis in the Caucasus.
The Abkhaz parliament said that it would send a formal request for recognition to President Dmitri Medvedev in Moscow tomorrow. Deputy speaker Vyacheslav Tsugba said: "The people of Abkhazia intend to ask the Russian leadership to recognise Abkhazia."
The Speaker of Russia's upper house of parliament, the Federation Council, said that legislators were ready to support the request and to extend recognition to South Ossetia too. Sergei Mironov told the Interfax news agency: "The Federation Council is ready to recognise the independent status of South Ossetia and Abkhazia if that is what the people of these republics want and also if there is a corresponding decision by the Russian president."
Mr Mironov's deputy, Svetlana Orlova, announced an emergency session of the Federation Council for Monday to discuss recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent states.
Abkhazia and South Ossetia are recognised internationally as parts of Georgia, although both have been de facto independent since breaking away from the central government in Tbilisi in vicious wars during the early 1990s.
Abkhazia wants independence and South Ossetians want to reunite with their ethnic kin inside Russia in North Ossetia.
Moscow has funded both for years and distributed Russian passports to their residents, justifying its intervention in South Ossetia last week by the need to protect Russian citizens.
Mr Medvedev has already pledged to "make the decision which unambiguously supports the will of these two Caucasus peoples". But any Kremlin move to recognise the breakaway regions would trigger condemnation in the United States and Europe, which have repeatedly insisted on respect for Georgia's territorial integity.
It would almost certainly lead to a fresh confrontation, as President Mikheil Saakashvili appeals for international aid to prevent Russia annexing Georgian land. Nato declared its support for "Georgia’s independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity" at yesterday's emergency meeting of foreign ministers.
But President Medvedev and his mentor, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, will point to the precedent established in Kosovo, despite continuing Kremlin opposition to its independence from Russia's ally Serbia. Mr Putin has already warned the West that Kosovo would set an example for separatists in the countries of the former Soviet Union.
Temur Yakobashvili, Georgia's Minister for Reintegration, sought to play down the development, saying: "It's the police who must deal with people like the leaders of separatists in Abkhazia, not me."
Mr Saakashvili has long argued that any declaration of independence by Abkhazia is meaningless because at least 200,000 ethnic Georgians were expelled from the region after the war 16 years ago and remain refugees. He has insisted that they be allowed to return home, a move rejected by the separatists who argue that the Abkhaz would be a minority in their own homeland.
Thousands of Georgians have fled or been driven from their homes in South Ossetia since the conflict broke out last week. Aid agencies estimate that more than 100,000 people have been displaced by the fighting and Russian occupation of the Georgian city of Gori.
Russian forces continued to man checkpoints on the main road out of Gori today, the nearest just 25 miles from Georgia's capital Tbilisi. Foreign Secretary David Miliband, visiting Tbilisi, accused Russia of "not living up to its word" in pledging to withdraw troops.
Mr Medvedev has now said that all but 500 soldiers would be pulled out of Georgia by Friday, though Russia has insisted that it will continue to patrol a buffer zone of Georgian territory seven kilometres beyond the border of South Ossetia.
The deputy head of general staff, Colonel General Anatoly Nogovitsyn, told reporters in Moscow that 64 Russian soldiers had died and 323 had been wounded in the fighting with Georgia. Russia had previously declared that it lost 74 soldiers, with 170 wounded.
Abkhazia stretches along 137 miles of stunning Black Sea coastline as the western fragment of Georgia's border with Russia, backing onto the Caucasus mountains in a total area of just over 3,000 square miles. The Russian ruble, not the Georgian Lari, already circulates there and many Abkhazians stream across the border each day to seek work on construction projects in the nearby resort of Sochi, which will host the 2014 Winter Olympics.
Abkhazia was a Russian protectorate from 1810 until the Red Army incorporated the Caucasus into the Soviet Union after the Bolshevik revolution. Joseph Stalin merged Abkhazia into Georgia in 1931, although it enjoyed a degree of autonomy within the unified Soviet republic.
When Georgia declared independence in 1991 as the Soviet Union was collapsing, Abkhazia sought to break free from Georgia to establish its own state. Georgian forces were driven out, but the region has remained unrecognised since a ceasefire in 1993.
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We the hypocrite west have no right messing in Russia's back yard. Can you say "the Cuban Crisis" The Russians are responding in a measured fashion. While we the west (mainly bush&rice) are artificially &unnecessarily antagonizing the situation. Does the Western media believe they have fooled us?
Jan, Aalborg, Copenhagen
Will the Russians allow back into South Ossetia and Abhazia all the Georgians who were ethnically cleansed from there in 1991-2 and in the last two weeks? And if they do not want "independence"? This is an appalling put-up job, planned meticulously by Putin and his stooges, including puppet Medvedev
Ben, Moscow, Russia
The big picture this is about Russia and the oil and gas control in the area! As Russia plans to pall out of the $ backed oil market and sell in the Euro , along with the middle east that are starting to pull the plug on usa, so things are going to get very interesting. Time for usa to pay its debts
oliver, Colchester,
Dustin
it's not absurdity and figures as the west has demonstrated in the past dont matter, it's the parrallel in the way you look at things that does if it was good for Kosovo then it's good for Abkhazia and S Ossetia.
Bwire, Reading, UK
I understand the U.S. interest in the region. They are primarily of economic and secondary security driven. We would love to put missiles in Georgia while sucking up the crude oil at a premium. Russia understands this and made thier move. I can't blame Russia. But fortune favors the bold!
Kelly, Herndon, VA, USA
I give passports to the citizens of a country, provoke that country beyond all patience, invade that country to "protect" ITS citizens (!), ethnically cleanse that country of all others, then get them to declare independence. Russians on this site - you CANNOT justify this, it is MONTROUS!!!!!
Ben, Moscow, Russia
I bet most of Russia's nukes are duds, I bet the blue touch paper will be all damp and they just go poof after a little fizz.
Peter, Vancouver BC., Canada
Rockets on civilians in Sderot justify legitimate military retaliation and targeted killings and are a blocker for the peace process.
Rockets on Tschinvali are nothing the west should think about.
Crazy, crazy world ...
Maximilian Eberl, Speyer, Germany
If abkahzia and south ossetia remain in georgia, itll be a powder keg forever,and since Nato seems so eager to get involved in every conflict these days it will be US and EU troops fighting the ensuing innsurgency.Let them go Georgia, trying to keep them so far has cost you your military and economy
Chris, rochdale, GB
To stake world peace on a region as volatile as the Caucasus is a bad idea.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia
gives details of the history and demographic changes in Abkhazia.
If Russia and America take opposing sides then no good will come of it. If the locals want to fight, let them.
ian, wilts, UK
Let the people decide...that's what democracy is all about isn't it?. But minister, if we give the people what they want, who knows what they'll ask for?.. Mark my words Humphrey, this is the thin edge of the wedge.
kirk, Rotherham, UK
The Sudetenland all over again.
Jon, San Angelo, Texas
It should be highlighted that:
If the 200,000 Georgians who previously lived in Abkhazia returned home - the native Abkhazian's would be in the minority.
The 'majorities' in Abkhasia and S.Ossetia were engineered by the Russians.
Howard, London, UK
There'll be more unrecognized states seeking independence after the Kosovo precendent - whatever anyone says about Kosovo being "unique", an example is an example. It's up to people to decide if they want to break free (which they did, btw) - but not their government, let alone a foreign one.
Elena, Moscow, Russia
Kosovo, I knew that situation would come back to haunt us. Recognising Kosovo was an incredibly stupid move by the west and for sure we will all pay the price for such bad politics.
Robert, Aberdeen, UK
What amuses me most is this whole Western media pantomime continually striving to pretend that the Russians are at fault... when it must be painfully evident to anyone that it was the Georgian attack on South Ossetia that started this mess in the first place...!!!
Joanna Jay, Walton on Thames, UK
I've been to Abkazia...I can say that it is incredibly beautiful country...Let's hope that there will be peace in this country... No matter it will be Russian, Georgian or Independent. Let's hope...
-
DeGaulle said: the grass grows again on the battlefields...
But first Sakashvili must get lost..
Leonard, Sardinia,
To David in Sukhumi, Georgia: you said - 'if you russians are so generous why don't you give independence to 21 your national republics'.
David, none of those 21 republics has ever asked for independence from Russia, because they know - without Russia they are nothing, zero.
Alex, Toronto, Canada
And where is this Genius Billy Clinton now? Silent? Wonder why.
albert, NYC, USA
It's pretty obvious that Russia intends a land grab. These little regions will be "independent" long enough to serve Russia's interests. Russia's invasion took a long time to prepare for. Now it's lying about planning to withdraw. Putin wants to control his neighbors like the Soviet Union did.
Jill, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Why do russians always speak for others? you russians say that abkhazs and ossets want independence, but why don't you ask yourselves if we, Georgians want it. if you russians are so generous why don't you give independence to 21 your national republics where population is much more than in Abkhazia
David, Sukhumi, GEORGIA
The EU/NATO/USA have become impotent by supporting any new regime in post cold war eastern europe that represented a change from the past.The redrawn map of eastern europe is littered with un-democractic and sycophantic leaders who expertly play the US & Russia against each. Let Russia have it's way
Bill, Sydney, Australia
If they what it, why not ?
John, Moscow, Russia
Abkhazia and South Ossetia can't and shouldn't be part of Georgia after 8.8.8 attack. This is a new reality that Georgia must learn to live with just like Serbia did with Kosovo. Unless there is a reverse in Kosovo, Abhazians and South Ossetians have more rights than Albanians to be independent.
Oleg, Toronto, Canada
The Western powers were very quick to recognise separate parts of the former Yugoslavia, the premature recognition by Germany of Slovenia (and Croatia) precipitating the civil war. Would objections to this Georgian dissolution be so loud if it happened under the Soviet system? I doubt it.
Steve, London,
I think its fair for the Abkhazia and South Ossetia to be declared independent.And if they want to unite with Russia be it be.After all Kosovo was supported earlier by west.Same story here.After all who would ever think of uniting with Georgia after being shelled by barbaric georgians .
Olga Winova, London, UK
Russian generals say that georgians used american sattelite intelligence data to attack civilians in S. Ossetia.
2 Dustin NY. Parallel to Kosovo is OK. Your arguments are at the same quality level as "Indians used to be 100% majority in America in 1493." Should I blame your anciestors in genocide?
Pavel, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Dustin, right figures, wrong conclusions. Ethnic Georgians settled in Abkhazia at the end of 19 cent., and are considered as "newcomers" there, especially since Georgian settlement was still under way during Stalin rule. Georgia sent troops to Abkhazia (1993) and to South Ossetia (1992, 2008).
Nick2, Moscow, Russia
Dustin, how far back do you go? Certainly there were times when Serbs were majority in Kosovo. Your administration told us it is "new reality" that Albanians make up 90% of the population now. So, you have got a new reality in Abkhazia now.
Petar, Belgrade,
I've been to Abkazia and I can say that it is incredibly beautiful country: seashore, mountains, mountain streams... it's nature is absolutely fantastic...
Let's hope that there will be peace in this country... No matter it will be Russian, Georgian or Independent. Let's hope...
Denis, Rostov, Russia
I suppose that Chechnya will also get the same Russian support for independence - not!
E J Murray, Kerry, Ireland
Dustin, Kosovo is not a precedent for any particular % population justifying independence. But it is a precedent for territory being expropriated against the will of it's sovereign owner by the imposition of foreign power.
Tom, London, UK
Boris, London There are no bread queues any more and I think u know it!
Elena, Frankfurt, Germany- Russia
It won't make the bread queues any shorter.
Boris, London,
A parallel of Abkhazia & S. Ossetia to Kosovo is absurd.Pre-1999 Kosovo was 80% Albanian;its independence movement based on abolished autonomy by Milosevic.Abkhazia's pre-1991 population was 45% Georgian and 18% Abkhaz,living in peace;Russian-backed militants expelled Georgians,creating a "majority"
Dustin , New York,