James Hider, Middle East Correspondent
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Often derided by their Muslim neighbours as peacock-loving, lettuce-dodging devil worshippers, the Yazidi are one of Iraq’s more ancient and mysterious sects whose beliefs have long been misunderstood and maligned by the uninitiated.
From their base in a 1,000-year-old former monastery at Lalish, near the northern city of Mosul, the Yazidi have kept alight traditions that date back at least to the days of Zoroaster about 2,500 years ago. Throughout the ages their beliefs have mingled with the credos of their neighbours, especially Muslims, adding to misunderstandings about what they really believe.
The Yazidis are mainly Kurds, spread out in villages across northern Iraq and around Lalish. The temple is leased out each year to a different family, who are entrusted to maintain the leafy courtyards and smoke- blackened halls in good order, while taking whatever surplus profits are made from the pilgrim trade.
The entrance to the sanctuary is adorned with a large black snake carved next to the stone portal, said to represent the serpent that tempted Eve in the Garden of Eden. Few are allowed to enter the precincts, although The Times was granted access in November 2005 for a rare viewing.
On one of the walls of Lalish’s principal outside courtyard is a beautiful image of a peacock, representing the main angel created by God when he formed the world. One of the Peacock Angel’s names is Shaytan, the same as the word for Satan in the Koran, which has led to misunderstandings about the Yazidi being devil worshippers. He is, however, only considered as one of seven archangels created by God and revered by this obscure ethnic minority. The shrines and tombs of Yazidi leaders that dot the landscape of northern Iraq are often referred to by local Muslims as “Beit Shaytan”, of the House of Satan.
The taboo on lettuce is also obscured by secrecy and age, but is believed to have arisen because the name in the Yazidi dialect of Kurdish resembles the title given to the seven angels when they appear in human form, giving rise to an injunction that prevents worshippers from eating the body of those whom they revere.
Inside the temple of Lalish the halls built by early Christians are covered in many places with colourful cloths and veils. In a vault full of huge, crusted jars of lamp oil, newly wedded couples traditionally throw a cloth over their backs on to a slanting wall: it if sticks it is considered a sign of good luck.
The international Yazidi community is believed to number between 100,000 and 400,000, often living in an uneasy co-existence with their Muslim neighbours. Like the Druze to the west — in Lebanon, Syria and Israel — they do not easily disclose their religious secrets and maintain a strict caste system, with marriages to other groups strictly forbidden.
In April a Yazidi girl who married a Muslim and converted to Islam was stoned to death by her community, a murder that was caught by a witness on camera. In retaliation Muslim gunmen murdered 23 Yazidi workers, and about 800 Yazidi students fled Mosul university in fear of reprisals. Tensions between the two communities have been escalating since.
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Islam, Christianity, and the Yazidi's bizarre but acceptable beliefs are all religions. Cultural practice - the result of politics in the main - is responsible for violence. The Yazidi, the Muslims, and indeed the Christians at many points have felt threatened, and when people feel threatened, they often resort to violence, murder and other forms of intolerance and injustice.
If the "mumbo-jumbo" leaves J Fletcher cold, perhaps he should open his eyes and accept the flavour and pageantry that is lacking from our own society. The cities and towns of Britain are full of beautiful buildings constructed in the name of higher ideals than just cold, secularised humanity. We should start painting peacocks on our walls and see how bright and colourful they become even if they have no religious significance whatsoever. I am a practicing Christian and my partner is Jewish and we plan to marry both in church and in a synagogue. Hopefully both will be as bright and colourful as a Yazidi shrine.
Louise Howard, Reading, UK
Alan, why do you mix policy with religion. Did GW Bush did what he did for religious, or political, reasons. I think the war was derived by political, security and may be economic or other reasons, but never did WG Bush said that he was going to war for the sake of Christianity or for any religious reason. The motive is of utmost importance. whatspells out your acts is what matters.
Nabil, Cairo, Egypt
As an atheist I am left cold by the Yazidis' mumbo-jumbo. But nutty as these believers (and millions like them) are, they should not be murdered. Ah, Voltaire, we need you back on earth so badly now. (Except that no rational person can believe in resurrection.) We're regressing fast into the Middle Ages, when it was thought perfectly proper to burn at the stake anyone who did not subscribe to one's particular version of nuttiness. Only difference now: petrol tankers are used instead of faggots. As that great atheist, Samuel Beckett, wrote, "Christ, what a planet!"
J.Fletcher, Canterbury, UK
sorry Douglas mybe you forgetting that your own kind made the mesery that the world living today,300 years black slavery, cleansing of the native indians in the nam of christianity and your trying to tell us that the islam teach racism or any other discrimination sorry man but its seems like you forgetting your own history. the Yazidis w're living peacefully for yaers with the muslim comunity like the jewish and it wasnt the muslims who killed millions of jewish, natives and blacks for the nam of religion. You should go back to school or learn the history of the other community
zak, LBV, Gabon
Bob - strangely enough I agree with you to a large extent. But - the essential message of Christ, as I understand it, was peace and love, even towards one's enemies. Blessed are the peacemakers, as you point out. This is my trouble with GWBush - there's a good, devout Christian for you, talking and praying to his god and acting accordingly (he says). So he drops bombs on innocent women and children (OK, men as well) in Baghdad when he had absolutely no need to - no threat at all to America,no terrorists there either. And it was an illegal attack on a sovereign member-state of the United Nations. - . . Now there's a fine peacemaker. Is GWBush blessed, I wonder. (Oh, and Tony B. is another devout Christian I hear.)
alan, cologne,
This is a drop in the ocean compared to the death and destruction caused by Muslims throughout history.
The invasion of North Africa, the invasion of Jerusalem, the sacking of Constantinople. The subjegation of the Balkans, the thousand or so years of taking black slaves from the Horn or Africa, the subjegation of India, Saddam Hussein, Khomeni, The Taliban, Bin Laden, 9-11, Bali, 7-7, Madrid, Beslan ....
The Muslimlist is as long as the Christian list, but here's the rub, the Muslim List is heavily weighted toward whats happening now rather than what happened a hundred years ago!
The Christians have grown up!
Douglas Newell, Saltcoats, United Kingdom
Those who try to show that the same violence is there in Christianity always forget that violence has no roots in Christianity and against the essence of its message. There is no verse in the Bible asking Christians to kill or attack other people. People do forget the "turning the other cheek" principle in Christianity.
I feel really sorry for those who ask to forget about religion. I compare them to a one walking under the protection of his father who is the king of the country, but he chooses to leave that king and go all alone by himself. I wish they could know that God is no need for us but out of His love, He gives us the opportunity to enjoy His love, mercy, protection and grace.
Nabil, Cairo, Egypt
This is a drop in the ocean compared to the ongoing death and destruction caused by Islamists the world over.
And since the only solution is for the rest of the world to submit, it seems unlikely to get any better,
Ellen Morris, Leeds,
I'm not sure that it is historically accurate to say that it was Christians who caused the Holocaust, black slavery or the nuking of Japan, or even the Crusades. These events were caused by those who ignored the words of Christ and used the label of Christianity as a cloak to hide their true intentions, i.e power and domination over others. Jesus told us that it would be the meek who would inherit the earth, and that blessed would be the peacemakers, not the powerful or those who wanted war or destruction. This is a negation of Christianity. Murdering one sect because they don't believe the same as you is an abomination in any religion that claims to follow a Creator God. I might not agree with the Yazidi beliefs, but they are entitled to find their own way to God, without interference from so-called zealots, so we should pray for them in their current misery, and also pray for the souls of those who have perpetrated this act believing they were serving God (or any other reason).
Bob, Gloucester, UK
Nonsense and superstitions: why people cling so much to religion ? consider how deeply the misogynist myth of Eve and the Snake influences our societies. The origin of this myth may be the zoroastrian interpretation of an ancient sky map, including a snake-like constellation, a man-like constellation and a tree-like constellation. And the so-called archangels seem to represent the seven anciently known planets. It is worth investigating these old beliefs, at least to demystify the monotheistic deceits.
Albert, Paris,
Each religion has its own crazy ideas - what 's new?
alan, colgone,
Was the Yasidi girl - named Du'a, I believe - married to a Muslim or just in love with him. This article is the first I have seen claiming that they were married.
Montague, Norfolk, VA
This is a drop in the ocean compared to the death and destruction caused by Christians throughout history.
Holocaust, 200 years black slavery, Gulf massacre, ethnic cleansing of native Americans and aboriginals, nuking of Japan, crusades..etc etc..
Stanzler, NY, USA
How delightful, to learn of yet another religious group whose teachings apparently counsel the bestial murder of young women. It would seem they and the islamists deserve one another.
Maynard, Oxford, UK