Michael Evans, Defence Editor and Deborah Haynes in Baquba
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British and Iraqi commanders in Basra had their own troop-surge plan to rid the city of Shia militia extremists but it was vetoed by the Iraqi Prime Minister, the Ministry of Defence has confirmed.
The third and final phase of the plan, which would have involved a surge of Iraqi troops into Basra with “low-profile” support from British troops, was due to have started this month. When it was presented to Nouri al-Maliki, the Iraqi Prime Minister, on March 21, however, he surprised the British by announcing that he had his own troop-surge plan that he would launch the following day, with 900 American soldiers and Marines being sent into Basra.
Colonel Robert Castellvi, the senior American Marine adviser to the 1st Iraqi Army Division sent down to Basra, described exclusively to The Times what he found when he arrived in the southern city in March. “The Iraqi forces that had been in the city had been defeated. There were whole swaths of the city under militia control,” he said. “The provincial government had stopped functioning as a government that provides security for the people. There were dead bodies and burnt-out vehicles on the streets.”
The rejection of the longer-term plan drawn up by General Mohan al-Firaiji, then the Iraqi commander in Basra, in collaboration with the British military, was the latest blow in relations between Mr al-Maliki and the British commanders in the south.
The Iraqi leader was already reported to be disillusioned with the British after they had negotiated a deal with Shia militia the previous summer, under which 500 soldiers besieged in the centre of Basra were able to withdraw without being attacked. The pull-out of the last remaining British troops in the city in September last year meant that the entire 4,000-man force was encamped at the airport base northwest of Basra. The British have since returned, putting 900 troops back in the city.
Yesterday MoD officials confirmed for the first time that there had been discussions with the Shia militia, leading to the withdrawal of the 500 soldiers. An MoD spokesman rejected American military claims, reported in The Times yesterday, that this secret deal prevented British troops from being involved in Mr al-Maliki’s unexpected decision to mount Operation Charge of the Knights – the troop surge into Basra on March 25. “Mr al-Maliki did not want us to send troops into Basra,” an MoD source said.
In response to the story in The Times, Des Browne, the Defence Secretary, said last night: “Our forces were not prevented from going into Basra by any deal of any sort. I have the greatest confidence in the judgment of UK military commanders and I would never seek to constrain their ability to make decisions out in theatre.”
Under General al-Firaiji’s British-sponsored three-phase plan, the first stage was to have involved an intensive training programme to get the Iraqi Army’s 14 Division, which had been sent to Basra, up to combat-ready levels. The second phase was to involve negotiations with the Iraqi Government to guarantee economic development in Basra. The third phase, fixed for August, was to launch a large-scale operation in Basra, with 14 Division reinforced by Iraqi troops from Baghdad.
The plan was taken up to Baghdad on March 21 and presented to General David Petraeus, the US commander of the Multinational Corps, who showed it to Mr al-Maliki. It was then that the Iraqi Prime Minister announced that he wanted to send troops down to Basra the next day. Thousands of Iraqi troops with 900 American minders from the US Marine Corps and 82nd Airborne Division, as well as specialist planners from the 1,000-strong coalition corps headquarters in Baghdad, arrived the next day at the British airport base. The British provided Challenger 2 tanks as well as artillery units and RAF Tornados, but no combat troops were requested.
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If the Brits want to run let them do it. The US Marines have NEVER run.
warner mobley, euless tx, usa
Iraq is won for free Iraqis to do as THEY choose. So many have taken such hateful and ignorant positions opposing the liberation of Iraq that now they must discredit the method, the imperfect Iraqi democracy (like they all our) or indeed anything to distract from what they have said before. Sick
Mike, newmarket, UK
The Iraqi Shia locals not to be trusted. The Iraqi Military and Police not to be trusted. What the hell are our brave boys still doing there without the unquestioning support of our Government and supposed Allies??
Leave the Iraqis to it if they believe they can do a better job.
Norman Pitkin, London, UK
If the Iraqi Prime Minister does not want our troops involved and the Americans are willing to go into Basra, knowing British troops are there, why don't we get out and leave them to it?
Mike, Sole Street, England
It is high time we stopped meddling in the affairs of other countries. Whether we like it or not many of the world's problems today stem from British colonial meddling - Palestine and Zimbabwe to name but two.
Neil, Gloucestershire, England
The reason for the 1/20 troop casualties may be because British Armed Forces are better trained and more combat savvy than the US Troops. Dont forget this is urban combat, not great swathes of desert and steppe.
Jon, London, England
To Ben: Easy to "pacify" if that means going in AFTER the US captured the city (in 2 weeks) and then doing nothing while the militias ran Basra. Just plain useless.
John, Redland, Eire
Hey Jack, if the Brits "pacified" Basra in 3 days, why did they then think it needed storming? Back to reality, dude.
J Claro, Cleggan, Ireland
Ministry of Defence in "well he started it!!" whine
Simes, Sevenoaks,
Jack
I believe we have 6700 British Casualties in Iraq with 103 fatalities?
So I think we have done our fair share!
I don't see battalions of Israeli troops helping out!
Why's that then!!
Simon, Bristol, UK
Certainly a different spin on things now...Extra large helpings of humble apple pie coming Stateside way !!! .. Cream with that guys?
kirk, Rotherham, UK
'British commanders wanted to storm Basra but the Iraqi leader sent for US Marines'.
One can only assume that the Iraqi leader wanted everyone in the city dead.
Tom Welsh, Basingstoke,
The simple facts:
The war on Iraq was initiated by the USA on ALL occasions - initially to find someone to fight after 9/11 and also the US Arms Deals in Saudi Arabia; then to secure Oil and re-build contracts.
Tony Blair did no one (except himself) any good.
Our Troops - OUT, NOW.
Peter Hartley, Guildford, UK
How will we ever really know what happened? One thing I do believe is that the soldiers would want to take the honourable path but they are controlled by politicians with dishonourable intent and have always been severely under funded and under manned in Iraq. No wonder many are leaving our forces.
Alan, Northampton, Northants
To Jack: The US forces spent months trying to capture Basra initially. British forces took 3 days to pacify it. They're just plain better. Deal with it.
Ben, London, England
Don't allow all the blame to be placed on the Iraquis.
To plan an 'event' with 900 Americans took weeks.
Should not our 'honourable' allies (USA) have had the courtessy to let us know what they were planning in an area supposedly under British control?
Game over - British Troops OUT
J D S, Cardiff, UK
I wonder now if some of the American posters from yesterdays article who were so ready to insult our brave soldiers will come and apologize? Seems it is in fact your Iraqi 'allies' (you know the ones that were your enemies who you cut a deal with) who are to blame for this whole mess.
J Roberts, Manchester, UK
I believe that the 3d phase of the suggested plan of G, Mohan and the British commanders should have preceded the second one and this op must havebeen done last yea by using special Briti combat units such as .......and Iraqi forces from Baghd.If the Brititsh had done so they would have succeeded
Mahmood, Amman,
Of course UK is going to sweep every thing under the rug. This situation calls for an intensive investigation by US and the Iraqis. At this point UK is not to be trusted. Such dealings will result to loss of lives. Records indicates that UK has had only about 1/20 or less losses compared to US.
Jack Love, Jerusalem, Israel
To Hell with them, leave them to rot, Pull our troops out now. Let George Bush start WW3 before he leaves office. Without TB holding him back he would have started WW3 years ago
Ged for New England, N Yorks, UK
If he refuses to use our troops and seems to not want us there, then why don't we leave? Then they may have more appreciation of what our troops achieve.
Rob, Singapore,
puts a completely differemt spin on the earlier story
will, grimsby, uk