Jon Swain and Brian Johnson-Thomas Johannesburg
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MIDDLE EASTERN countries secretly armed and supported suspected Al-Qaeda recruits in the failed state of Somalia in a direct challenge to western interests in east Africa, according to a United Nations report.
Hundreds of Islamist fighters were flown, with Eritrean assistance, from Somalia to Syria and Libya for military training. Others were taken to Lebanon to fight with Hezbollah, the report to the UN security council has revealed.
UN investigators also detailed military aid given to the Islamists by Saudi Arabia and Egypt, Arab states friendly to the West. Iran also supplied 125 shoulder-fired surface-to-air missiles, 80 of which arrived by sea in dhows and the rest by air.
A clandestine operation to smuggle the fighters out of Somalia began in July last year.
In an interview, Evgueny Zakharov, the owner of Aerolift, an airline with a fleet of ageing Antonov and Ilyushin transport aircraft, based in Johannesburg but registered in the British Virgin Islands, said: “We transported lots of men in uniform — Arabian men with masks.
“They were disciplined men and although none of them had rank badges there were obviously people in charge. They got on the aircraft as if they had done it many times before.”
Zakharov said his involvement began after he was approached by a General Tambi of the Eritrean People’s Defence Forces. Eritrea, a neighbour of Somalia in the volatile Horn of Africa, was a major supporter of the Islamists.
Tambi offered to buy Zakharov’s Ilyushin 76 transport aircraft carrying the Kazakhstan registration number UN 76496 for $1.5m (£770,000), even though the normal price for an aircraft of that vintage and condition is just $1m.
Zakharov went ahead despite the unusual contract conditions that stipulated secrecy. He insisted the contract should specify that the new owners were not to use the aircraft to make arms flights.
However, he said last week that the Ilyushin made three sanctions-busting arms flights to Somalia from the Eritrean port of Massawa, bringing out the masked men on the return legs. “I do not know who they were but you can draw your own conclusions,” he said.
Zakharov’s revelations came as western security services continued their investigation into foreigners suspected of fighting on behalf of Islamic forces in Somalia and of joining Al-Qaeda last year. Among them are British, American and French Muslims.
Significant numbers of foreigners went to Somalia, western intelligence officials have found, after the radical Islamic Courts Union (ICU) movement seized power from a weak UNbacked government, established links with Al-Qaeda and allowed Somalia to be used as an Al-Qaeda terrorist training ground like Afghanistan under Taliban rule.
In December, invading Ethiopian troops took the capital Mogadishu from the ICU and restored the internationally recognised government, routing the Islamists and scattering the foreigners and Al-Qaeda fighters.
But violence continues to plague the weak and fractured country and there are fears of an Islamist resurgence unless African Union peacekeepers are rapidly deployed.
Last week four British Muslims who had been in Somalia under the radical militia and then crossed the border into Kenya were briefly held under the Terrorism Act on their return to Britain.
An American who was also arrested in Kenya and then deported was charged in Texas with teaming up with Al-Qaeda. He told FBI officers who interrogated him that he had spent time with an Al-Qaeda bomb maker in Somalia being trained in assembly techniques.
The UN report also described Iranian attempts to obtain Somali uranium. Somalia is reported to have 6,600 tons of recoverable uranium but the mines have never been exploited because of poor security.
In addition, Libya provided $1m to finance future training missions and pay salaries. Surface-to-air missiles supplied by Iran are of the type Al-Qaeda used to try to bring down an Israeli charter flight over Kenya in 2002. The missiles are still at large.
Zakharov believes that one of the reasons the Eritreans wanted to use the Ilyushin in the clandestine operations was because the freighter’s registration began with the letters UN and therefore might have been mistaken for a United Nations aircraft.
When Zakharov discovered the Eritreans’ real use of the plane was for arms shipments and for flying the masked men from Somalia, he cancelled the contract. Zakharov said he first grew suspicious when he found that the seven-man crew were each being paid £2,500 bonuses for every flight.
Contacted last week, Tambi denied all knowledge of the deal. However, The Sunday Times has a copy of the contract signed in Moscow and Asmara, the capital of Eritrea, between Aerolift and Eriko Enterprise of Asmara on July 21.
The first sanctions-busting arms flight landed at Mogadishu on July 26 and was followed by three arms shipments — a total of some 140 tons — over the next three days.
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No matter how much we justify and blame the so called Al Qaida, the Bush administration should be held responsible for the atrocities of raping, mass murdering, and the crimes against humanity committed by Mille Zinawi in Somalia.
Imagine if the Red Arm were to invade UK with American help! Imagine, if India was to solve the problems of Pakistan, or if France was to be helped to rule Germany! Imagine if Iran was given the green light to solve Iraq's problems!
What is happening in Somalia, under the slogan of defending American interests, are far beyond human capacity to accept.
Yes, the Somali situation has been and will continue to be difficult, but delegating Ethopia and a natural born dictator, and his warlords, is a historical mistake with dire adverse consequences.
Other than that, Hezbollah dancing with Al Qaida does not make sense - does it?
Mike, Mississauga, Canada
America and Ethiopia are dancing around the bush to wage war on Eritrea. We know that Eritrea has a terrible leader who is mainly against its own people. But, I don't think the Eritrean people is going to welcome a government set up by Ethiopia, as they did in Somalia. It will destabilize the region badly. The evil has to go from Eritrea; but by the Eritrean people itself.
Aklilu, Toronto, Canada
Al-Qaeda and Hizbullah fighting together, what a joke. Hizbullah are Shia and Al-Qeade are of the wahabbi strain who dont even recognise Shia's as muslims and are just as likely to fight against them as in Iraq. Funny how they blame Al-Qaeda for fanning secetarian violence with Shia's in Iraq and then say they fight with Shia Hizbullah.
Meat, London, England
It is amazing to see Egypt, the second largest US aid recipient in the world spending it's aid money against US interests.
Rezene Kahsay, Oakland, Ca. USA
From the time the bloodshed in Algeria started following the cancellation of its elections by the military, reports have come out that funding for terrorist activities came not from Iran as much as it came from such places as Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Yet these are allies of America and not part of the Axis of Evil so we don't hear so much about them.
As for Africans, they have to take the help they can get, and the situation they are in narrows their options. We can only hope that Africans will make the most of the optionms they have,
Christopher Hobe Morrison, Middletown, NY, USA
Ethiopians lived there for the last 1500 years intact and will servive no matter plain loads of weapons flow to distablize them. Many of the oldest countries succombed to the islamic invasion in the middle ages. The threat from Egypt, Eritrea, Somalia islamists and Sudan with their helpers like Libya, Iran, Syria and Saudi Arabia is nothing to Ethiopians even at difficult situations as they are now. Ethiopians are quick to react when their country is under attack. So no worries
Kevin, Butcher,
The Eritrean government should be taken out just like Saddam hussan, then the Eritrean people should choose their leaders. we shouldn't tolerant an Al-Qaeda state.
Herman, Texas, USA
When will African leaders learn to solve their problems own their own? What amazes me is the fact they repeat the same mistakes over and over. Don't they the fate of Sadam who one of the best client of the US? Until African leaders put the interest of their people before their longevity in power, Africa will never be able to extricate itself from the misery.
Wolkait, Toronto, Canada
Forever Eritrea.........Ethiopia is nothing except a puppet of USA. The US doesnt want to involve directly in Somalia because they know the price, as they are paying it in Iraq. Then they have to look for a cheap black state who can fulfill their interest. It wasnt difficult for the US to find a proxy country. Here is cheap black state known by starvation, hunger for the last century.
What ever is the problem in Eritrea, Eritreans stand together. We know about our mad leader but that is our issue, and we will deal with it soon.
Sirak, Frankfurt,
The stifling regime in Asmara has no agenda except creating chaos in East africa. To do this, it goes to the extent of working with international terrorist groups like alqaeda. Now the Ethiopian Defence Force has destroyed the Eritean government sponsored terrorists who were gathered in Somalia, its next mission should be getting rid of the trouble maker bunch of dictators in Asmara. It is only then that East Africa can enjoy peace and stability
Girma G., Addis Ababa , Ethiopia
The only way to solve this problem is to stop the ROOT of the Problem which is here the Eritrean government, with out that there will no be safety in the whole of East Africa. it is just like to kill the fish dry the sea.
Hagos A. Seyoum, Washington, D.C
This article has provided a clue and uncovered some of the mysterious links among those countries that directly and indirectly supported Al-Qaeda lead terrorism in the troubled region of East Africa. It is not a surprise to find the central role of the Eritrean government who served as a surrogate for other pro Al-Qaeda countries to channel their 'gifts' to the routed ICU. There could not be more convincing evidence than the captured and killed terrorists that came from different parts of the world, thanks to the brave poor Ethiopians.
tesfaye, oslo,
The depths of looniness that people stoop to in order to justify their anti-Americanism astounds me.
If we were an imperialist nation, Fallujah, Sadr City, and many other Iraqi towns right now would be piles of smoldering rubble, along with all their inhabitants. We would be forcably stealing their oil.
I am also tired of the complaining that the U.S. armed the forerunners of the Taliban and Iraq in the past. That is the way the world works. The U.S. has done it. The U.K. has done it. Todays friend could be tomorrows enemy. Its just the way the world works. This may seem offensive to those who are naive enough to believe that all conflicts can be settled through dialogue, and are to soft to acknowledge that there exist people who must simply be defeated, captured or killed, whose hate is so great that no amount of niceness or reason could change their intentions.
We in the West need to wake up.
Mark, New Castle, USA
It is good to see Ethiopians and Somalis working together for their safety. They should try to control the Eriterean/Al-queda network and change the government in Eritrea. The best way to solve this might be taking out the sudanese and Eritrean radical governments and replace them with a democracy. May God help the poor darfar people and the innocent eriterean people suffering under dictatorships.
Anderson, Kansas, USA
The article seems devoid of any hard evidence and relies solely on the testimony of one obscure individual who owns a plane and an unquoted UN report that raises some concerns. Namely that the UN report suspiciously coincides a little too much with what the US administration used as a pretext to bomb, a sovereign country, Somalia. Such allegations inevitably leave one with the impression that Al-Qaeda must be a mass popular movement if they're turning up EVERYWHERE and recruiting countless individuals. Doesn't anyone also seem to find the allegation just a little too familiar that a country, likely to be bombed soon by the US, may have tried to obtain uranium from an African country. Deja vu? Things like uncritical questioning of their sources who quote seeing "masked arabien men" and the pushing of unrealistic US allegations such as Sunni muslim groups being trained or funded by the Shite Hezbollah and Shite Iran, make this a sensational Hollywood script but hardly decent journalism.
Tarik, Ottawa, Canada
Bizarre - anyone who stands up against the US's imperial war-mongering interests is immediately labelled "Al-Qaida" (or Taliban if in Afghanistan). Al Qaida is nothing more than a fictitious bogeyman created and perpetuated by West to beat anyone who dares to stand up and fight for their liberation. Ethiopia had no right to invade Somalia any more than the late-Saddam had to invade Quwait. Let the Somali's/Iraqi's/Afghans/Palestinians resolve their own problems and if they want Islamist governments then that is their right, not for the US to impose its own rule on others.
aa, Manchester,
More duplicity from the so called "moderate" islamic states. Pakistan, Saudi, Egypt, all playing a very dangerous game.
Mike, edinburgh, UK
Said ibrahim from USA has said it all. But in addition the international community needs to thank Ethiopians for taking the responsibility they together had to take in the last 16 years.
Mussie Ghezu, chandigarh, Pubjab, india
Gentlemen:
We are all missing the point here. Believe or Not Al Qaida is Real. Somalia has not had a functioning Central Government for the 2 Decades, which makes it a breeding ground for all kind of activities. Now the world has a chance to go and set things straight in Somalia. The War in Somalia has never been Islam agaisnt other religions. The war that has been going on for quite a long time has beeb between Muslims fighting their own Muslim brothers. Kindly note that they all speak the same language, leave alone look a like. Thank you Osama for turning the spotlight on Somalia, I believe now things will be set straight in Somalia once and for all. I personally saw the wounds the President of Somalia sustained from the attack on his life. Its sick people carry out such acts on the name of God.
J, Nairobi. Kenya,
Strange it isnt mentioned that Al Qaeda is a creation of western governments - it isnt hard to find the stories on the bbc site of "sas trained mujahadeen".
Who is really to blame here we ask? How is this different from the good old days of america shipping stinger missles to the mujahadeen in afghanistan to kill russians?
Steve, blackpool,
Somalis should thank Ethiopia for liberating their country after decades of anarchy and killings. For more than fifteen years, Somalis fought each other, killed each other and transformed the country into total mess. For all those years, universities, colleges, police stations, hospitals were not functioning. More than 99% of the educated Somalis live outside the country (the majority in Ethiopia and Kenya). Two ethnic clans declared independence, and there was no hope at all for the country. Educated Somalis--those who live in the west--were busy accusing and arguing at each other. Some were fueling the war back home from their comfort in the West. Into all this came Ethiopia, and the leadership of PM Meles Zenawi who brought ordinary Somalis the best Christmas or New Year gift ever--annhilating the Islamists and warlords and bring peace, diplomacy, civility and unity back to the country. For all this, All Somalis should thank Ethiopia and its people for dying for the freedom of Somalis.
Said Ibrahim, New York , USA
The headline here in Africa is, "Who is next?". Seems like after Somalia, it is Eritrea. With Meles Zenawi, the Ethiopian despot now playing the role of the African Ahmed Chalabi. The UN is once again the playground of Western interests. The US, killed 73 innocent Somali nomads, in their hunt for Al Qaeida. Yet today, not one has been found in Somalia.
Sam, London, UK
I wonder why the UN is talking about as if it is a spy of the Unated states of america, also I wonder why the UN is talking about something which is not on the theatre now, while here we somalis have hundrends of dying by the unhumanly shelling of the ethopian invaders,shall we say it is a kind of political synocism cried by UN and west powers
walanbe, mugadishu, somalia
surprising nothing whatsoever mentioned in the whole article the influences of the Ethiopia and the disastarous consequences to the Somali people. let alone one or two flights, what about 50,000 armed military that cuptured the whole country and killing everyday the innocent civilian people while getting justification from the puppet Government of Yusuf.
Nur, Aden,
This vitally important contextual background must be made more widely known, including all hard evidence.
Otherwise, many Muslims worldwide will assume or believe that the problems in Mogadishu are a direct result of "western imperialist" ambition. Inevitably, George Bush and even, Israeli interests are being linked and blamed.
Because Bush and Blair have no credentials or probity any more it is easier to promote the lies than the truth.
This places the responsibility to "tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth" with the media.
Thank you for this piece. Keep pushing the truth.
leigh vernier, riyadh, ksa
Whats new?
Western governments have been doing this sort of activity for a very long while.....
Seems to be saying
western government can play dirty but you you arabs tut tut not allowed to copy us. One rule for bush and co and another for moslems..
hypocrites comes to mind....
Bob, London, London