David Byers and Richard Beeston, Diplomatic Editor of The Times
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Arab leaders today gave their unanimous backing to a plan which would commit them to developing diplomatic relations with Israel if the Jewish State first agreed to a "land-for-peace" deal with the Palestinians.
The region's leaders voted in favour of reviving a Saudi Arabian peace plan, first launched in 2002, which supports the concept of a Palestinian state founded in the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip with Jerusalem as its capital.
In return, the resolution committed all 22 Arab states to normalise relations with Israel. At present only two, Egypt and Jordan, have full diplomatic relations with the Jewish State.
Today's resolution, at the annual Arab summit in Riyadh, was agreed after a passionate speech by Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian President, appealing to Israel "not to miss another chance".
"From here, I confirm the Palestinians will to extend a hand of peace to the Israeli people," Mr Abbas said, in front of an audience of the region's kings, emirs and Presidents.
Israel's initial response appears ambiguous with a spokesman for Ehud Olmert, the Prime Minister, saying it represented a "possible basis for dialogue," but that its details would first have to be studied further.
Shimon Peres, the country's deputy Prime Minister, later told Army Radio that the Arab states' terms had to be open to negotiation to have any chance of succeeding.
"There is only one way to overcome our differences, and that is negotiation," Mr Peres said. "It’s impossible to say: you must take what we offer you as is."
Israel is likely to want to negotiate over two of the key details of the resolution. These are the right of return of Palestinian refugees - made homeless during the 1947 war which brought about the Israeli state - as well as the Arab demand that Jerusalem be the capital of a future Palestinian state. Israel considers Jerusalem as its united capital since occupying the eastern section of the city from Jordan in the 1967 War.
Concluding the two-day conference, Arab leaders agreed to create working groups, that will seek to drum up support for the deal from the US, UN and Europe.
Amr Moussa, the Arab League's secretary general, said: “We affirm a just and comprehensive peace as a strategic option for the Arab nation in accordance with the Arab peace initiative that is the right path to a peaceful settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict ... based on land-for-peace."
The agreement marks the latest stage of a dramatic new Saudi Arabian strategy to get involved in the Middle East peace process, after years of isolation. This is likely to be motivated by a desire to counter-balance Iran's growing influence in the region, as well as the United States' corresponding failure to come up with any meaningful recent initiatives of their own.
Traditionally, the oil-rich Saudi kingdom has avoided taking centre stage in resolving the regional crises. But last month it mediated the creation of a Palestinian national unity Government, heading off what many feared could become a civil war between the rival Hamas and Fatah factions.
The Saudis, who have not hosted an Arab League summit for more than 30 years, then offered to convene the current conference.
It is hoped that the initiative could open the way to real dialogue for the first time since 2000. UN officials are trying to plot the next step by convening a meeting next month in Egypt of the Quartet — America, the European Union, Russia and the UN — which coordinates Arab-Israeli peace efforts. This time other countries, such as Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, would be invited to attend.
The next move would be to engage directly with Israel and the Palestinians, whose leaders this week agreed to hold fortnightly meetings.
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Two comments:
First, Ian, break out YOUR history book. Jews began settling the sparsely populated region in big numbers in the 1890s, BUYING the land from Arab owners. Arabs only came to the area in significant numbers after Jews drained the swamps, irrigated dry lands and created an economy. There is no such thing as Palestinian people. The Middle East is largely composed of Arabs, who refused to live alongside Jews who sought to create a country out of land they bought and cleared--a country that is less than 1% of the entire region's area.
Second item:
This latest offer shows just how duplicitious Arabs are. Abbas has the GALL (or chutzpah!) to tell Israel "not to miss an opportunity"? This from people who have, as Golda Meir said, "never missed an opportunity to miss an opportunity."
It was Arabs who turned down the generious Israeli offer in 2000. This latest piece of cynicism is designed to stage an invasion of Israel, as Arafat promised. Al-taquiya stuff it is
Brian DeFrancesco, Detroit, MI
Both sides are guilty for the conflict. We are often led to believe that Israel is the lowly "victim" bullied by Palestine. Israel bullies Palestine just the same way as Palestine bullies Israel. It's a back and forth fight where neither is better of the two.
Israel has not defined its borders and has been in violation of international law for 40 years, give or take. Israel also wants Palestine to recognize its "right to exist" when Israel itself does not recognize the rights of the Arab population that live in Israel. Contradiction?
However, this Israeli peace deal should be taken with a grain of salt. Though it is too early to say that it will work, I say that this is a step in the right direction.
Felix, Los Angeles, CA
Lies! We have heard land-for-peace in the past, Israel has obliged, but it's never enough. So how much more land will Israel be pressured to turn over? Yet another promise of peace, to be followed by yet another round of anti-Israel protests and violence, and the cycle will continue.
Today's Israel was formed when those who were working on establishing a shared government between Jewish refugees and local Palestinians, were attacked (in their Jewish communities) by the Grand Mufti's henchmen. Those who started the violence in 1947 got what they deserved, and there is LAND in the Arab world for Palestinians. If other Arab nations really wanted to help Palestinians, they would welcome them into their lands and allow them to particpate as citizen. Instead, Palestinians are political pawns, being pressed across the chessboard of Israel, swallowing territory & killing, with smiles obscured by pools of crocodile tears. (History repeats!--see Neville Chamberlain "Peace for our time")
David, Philadelphia,
Break out your history books and LEARN what transpired during the creation of Israel, from all sides. I am not anti/pro semitic, nor am I anti/pro Arab. I am for fairness, to all parties. If you set aside you prejudice and bias and look at all the facts, there are legitimate reasons on all sides for why the current situation (anger, resentment) exisits. Despite the primitive nature and behavior of the Palenstinians, they had their land taken from them by the world powers, because they weren't powerful enough to deny them. By any measure that was unfair, but it is done and Israel exists. To move forward from here, the Israeli's must recognize the injustice done to the Palestinians, and to return them a fair portion that was taken. In return, the Palestinians, along with all the Arab states must recognize and live in peace with Israel. An extremely tall order. After decades of killing and hatred, is it possible ? Both groups must stop teaching their children to hate, or it is hopeless.
Ian , Austin, Texas USA
Let´s not talk about war and who is to be trusted or not. Let´s seak peace, because enough is enough. Take a look at the way Palestinians live... in Gaza, in Lebanon, in Syria, in Egypt, wherever.... And look at how Israeli people live.
Please, PEACE.....
Maurice Wehbé, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Jerusalem doesn't belong to the current regime of either the Zionist
Israeli's than it does the Hamas, Fatah, or any other group, splinter,
or otherwise. Jerusalem is an International city, a hallowed place
owned not by any people of any generation. Arrogant claims to
it, especially exclusive claims, are ridiculous and nothing more than
a bullying, might makes right, tone that is so destructive no chance
of peace by any terms can ever take place. It simply stops the dialogue
before it starts. It prevents any chance at peace. If there is no Land For
Peace there will be a horrible world war eventually. Israel must take
the revived 2002 deal. No squirming. No theatrics. No distractions.
Land for Peace right fricking NOW!!
matt, Vegas, USA
The Arabs ask that 4 million refugees are allowed to return to "Israel". Most of these people are actually Jordanian or of Jordanian heritage and never lived in Israel. The Arabs are fond of fantasy and these days can always get a terrified west to agree with them, proving that if you tell a lie long enough and loud enough people will believe it. The Israelis casn't trust the arabs. The ultimate goal is Israels destruction and after that twhen the eurpoeans are bereft of al moral fiber, their turn will come. By the way what about the 800,000 Jews who were expelled from arab countries in 1948. All their property was siezed. Where are the tears for them? as welll as the"poor Palestinians" Once again the Jews are being offered up on the alter of EU appeasement. Israel will survive the arabs. The EU, I'm not so sure.
Stephen, Los Angeles, USA
Peace in that region would be excellent. A great deal of the anger and hatred that militant Islamo-facists have harnessed for their own gains would be gone.
One can dream...
Spanky McGoo, Las Vegas,
Among the several errors of fact in your very polemical article, please note the following: You refer to certain members of the Arab community as being rendered "homeless during the 1947 war which brought about the Israeli state." The third Jewish Commonwealth was restored to life in 1947 by vote of the United Nations. In 1948, all five neighboring Arab countries launched a genocidal war against Israel. In advance of that war, Arab leadership urged the Arab population of Israel to flee so as not to impede the genocide. Arab venom, not Israeli policy, brought about the alleged homelessness of which you speak.
Milton Hirsch, Miami, USA/FL
I cannot believe the whole article has not mentioned a single letter on the issure of settlements. What about the illegal settlements which have been built on Palestinian land- which has divided up the gaza street and west bank.
THe settelements must be removed - so Palestinians can have a viable state.
nabs, cardiff,
Israel should not give land to the palestinians, they will never stop the attacks!!!
Sara, mexico city, mexico
Some people are just stupid, they are saying if the territories are returned, Palestine is formed with Jerusalem as its capital, then Israel will be recognized as a country by all the 22 Arab nations.
Shaq, London, Canada
MEET THE NEW BOSS
SAME AS THE OLD BOSS
Right. Allowing the existing number of Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza alone gives Muslims an automatic and overwhelming majority inside Israel. And exactly what is the difference between this and the end of the Jewish state promised by every Palestinian representative since 1948? Could one suppose that the world will now put pressure on the Protestants in Ulster to agree to unification with Ireland? Oh, please.
David Chandler, Bethesda, Maryland
Abbas is right when he says this a chance that should not be missed - the ugly cancer of perpetual hate and violence in the middle east could eventually disappear in time as a result of this. Peace would be given a chance. HOWEVER, all interested countries - those with predominantly muslim, christian and judaic religious cultures should join in this initiative by calling for Jerusalem to be made an INTERNATIONAL CITY, civicly governed and administered but having a tripartite upper house made up of representatives from the three religious infrastructures.
Roy, Summerland BC, Canada
What is the point of giving up land for "peace" to a group of people that wont even recognize your right to exist? The next day they are just going to continue bombing and asking for more land and the extermination of all Jews. I don't understand why this garbage is tolerated in our "enlightened" society. If i starting calling for the extermination of all African Americans I would probably be put in jail.
Jonathan, washington,
Maybe the Palestinians can have Jerusalem starting at noon on Tuesday through sundown Friday, and Israelis can have it sundown Fri through noon on Tuesday.
Erika, Chicago, IL
Is should never give up Jerusalem. Land for peace, the Palestinian charter says that will not stop until Isreal is wiped off the map. This is only a ploy and Israel will not be bullied...
Jill, Plantation, FL,