Paul Martin in Gaza City, and David Byers
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Read on-the-spot reports from Gaza and the West Bank
Hamas fighters issued an ultimatum to a number of the Gaza Strip's powerful clans to hand over their weapons and submit to interrogation today, as the Islamists attempted to assert their complete authority on the war-torn area after their military takeover.
As the last of the secular Fatah's defeated fighters fled to Egypt, the Islamists today demanded that the multitude of different factions, clans and groups, which oppose it hand over weapons and ammunition.
Those which did not agree to do so were believed to have been subjected to house visits by black-clad Hamas militia. Some were asked to hand over wanted fighters to the Islamists.
The Times today heard shots ring out at the home of the Bakr family, an influential clan who live by an area called Beach Camp in Gaza City, and who it was thought Hamas had wanted to interrogate.
As Hamas tightened its grip on power in Gaza, there was widespread international condemnation for the Islamists' takeover, with Britain's Foreign Secretary Margaret Beckett labelling it a "coup d'etat". Germany, which holds the rotating Presidency of the European Union (EU), condemned the seizure in the "strongest terms". Neighbouring Egypt, meanwhile, pulled its envoys out of Gaza in protest.
In a telephone call to the Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, representatives of the quartet of Middle East peace intermediaries - Russia, the EU, the United States and United Nations - backed the Fatah leader, who dissolved his party's unity Government with Hamas yesterday.
Throughout Gaza today, however, gunmen - many of whom were still clad in black and wearing masks - were participating in spontaneous celebrations, with parades of men seen firing weapons into the air and chanting.
At the house of the Fatah security enforcer, Muhammad Dahlan, close to the Presidential compound in Gaza City, looting was reported to have been so extensive that the shower, toilet and basin in the bathroom and light-fittings had been stolen. Mr Dahlan is one the most hated Fatah figures among Hamas ranks, accused of killing scores of Islamist fighters and activists in recent years.
When asked if he wanted Mr Dahlan - now in the West Bank - to be killed, one 37-year-old pharmacist at the scene told The Times: "What we want is to drag him through the streets behind a donkey until he dies of his injuries." He added that this was not official Hamas policy.
Despite the celebrations and shows of military strength, there were signs that Hamas was also attempting to cool tensions with Fatah.
In a statement this morning, the Islamist's military wing Izzedine al-Qassam said it had "extended an amnesty" to fighters from the secular group who it had captured yesterday, which included Fatah's head of national security, presidential commander and national security spokesman.
As well as the releases, Hamas also cancelled provocative plans to hold Friday prayers in the former compound of President Mahmoud Abbas, although this was likely to be due to the fear of unexploded bombs, rather than as a goodwill gesture to Fatah.
In the West Bank today, Mr Abbas appointed the political independent and former World Bank executive Salam Fayyad as Prime Minister of the emergency Palestinian Government after the sacking of the Hamas leader Ismail Haniya yesterday. However, the administration is becoming increasingly irrelevant, with the Gaza Strip completely controlled by the Hamas military, which denounced his appointment of Mr Fayyad as "a coup against legitimacy." Mr Haniyeh, the Hamas leader, has declared his sacking by Mr Abbas to be invalid and claimed he was still Prime Minister.
World leaders were today thought to be discussing how to prevent Gaza - which has 1.5 million residents and is completely cut off from the outside world - sliding towards a humanitarian catastrophe. Yesterday, the EU suspended all 16 of its relief projects operating in Gaza, while Israel had closed its borders during the last week of gunbattles, which have killed 113 people.
Hamas had already faced international isolation and an aid freeze because of its continuing refusal to recognise Israel's right to exist, renounce terrorism, and recognise previous peace agreements signed between the Jewish State and Fatah.
Miri Eisin, a spokeswoman for Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, said the Prime Minister wanted to find ways to provide humanitarian aid to the area, but added that there was "no one to deliver to on the Palestinian side".
German officials said steps urgently needed to be taken to restore international aid. Martin Jaegar, a German foreign ministry spokesman, said: "We are extremely concerned about the humanitarian consequences and call on all sides to make the supply of aid to the Palestinian population in Gaza possible."
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I think the population comment is exactly the point, and there's more: These people have done it to themselves. What is it with the Arabs that they have to have an Islamic government? Why not just a good one that is effective? But it seems they can't do that either.
The good news is that with each Islamic government Islam and the Arabs have to take responsibility for solving problems and take responsibility for the occasional failure.
The problem for the West is that if we punish these forms of government they can use that as an excuse for their failure. If we just let them be they would fail and have no excuse. And then they would have to deal with the issues or face the wrath of their own people.
Finally, I like the idea of Iran supporting Hamas, as opposed to Europe. Let all that oil money be used to help the Arabs in Gaza. I'm sure that will make the Iranian people just as pleased as can be.
Richard Stone, Cebu, Philippines
My Grandpa remembers serving in the British run State of Palestine when the Israeli's were classed as the terrorists. After the second world war (with a nudge from our friends in Washington), the British were persuaded to leave, but not before a new map was drawn (thanks again to Washington) of a big new country called Israel and small Palestinian territories.
(I realise it's a big stretch but this is how the Palestinians feel) Now, if the map of Britain were to be suddenly redrawn with the British occupying two small areas and Al-Qaeda (terrorists) were to be in charge of the rest of the islands, how would we feel?
Tensions in/with the Middle East are in direct connection with the creation of the new country Israel 50 years ago. When the US loses it's fear factor or super power No. 1 spot, the whole Middle East will turn on Israel, we may even see WW3, especially if a new super power sides with the Muslim countries.
But remember, the map will just be reverting to its former self.
Gr8, Edinburgh,
"Germany,... said steps urgently needed to be taken to restore international aid..."We are extremely concerned about the humanitarian consequences and call on all sides to make the supply of aid to the Palestinian population in Gaza possible."
They'll just spend that money or bullets. No aid to either side.
The Palis voted for Hamas, they got what they wanted, let them live with it.
Ellen Morris, Leeds,
Tragedy, All this war, all this energy to over throw each other. Big ego's with to much power, in a world so small. Its sad, I hope we truly find ourselves pitted against a force alien to human society, so we can start representing our reality as opose to our beliefs.i love all my fellow people. The time is now, yesterday is gone and tomorrow may never come. "we got money for wars, but cant feed the poor".- 2pac
Joey Roman, bronx, usa/ ny
In many ways this is Arafat's fault. Don't believe the revisionists who say Ehud Barak's offer at Camp David was not worthy of acceptance. It WAS the road to peace, but Arafat ruined the chance. I pity Abbas, a man who could have done what Arafat wouldn't.. but by this time the US and most of Israel were too tired to even try.
And, yet again, the victims are the innocent civilians.
I pray for peace in that land!
Allan Clare, bristol, england
Its all very well to recognise Hamas but they are launching rockets at Israel every day which aren't reported. This week a couple landed in a school. Its all well and good to cry about the Israeli occupation, we left Gaza and look what happened.... they fire rockets at us everyday!
You in Andorra with your bleeding left wing liberal heart, try living in a city like Sderot where deadly rockets land every day sometimes hundreds in one week.
Hamas are thugs and killers. They believe in the total destruction of Israel, we won't recognise them and I for one will vote for Netanyahu in the next election. If they want war then we will have to give it to them as hard as possible, its all they understand.
Gil, Tel Aviv, Israel
This is NUTS--the Palestinians voted in Hamas, a Terror organization if ever there was one. Their very CHARTER calls for "the destruction of Israel." Let them take the damned consequences.
Europeans...Americans...PLEASE...Cut the Welfare to this population. Let Iran and Syria provide for them. Or let them hit bottom and wake up to the Islamist Nightmare that awaits them under Sharia law.
My suggestion is simple: Donate ALL of that aid to Africa and impoverished people elsewhere. Why strengthen militant Islam which will only come back to terrorize Europeans and Americans????????
jeff cransston, Newark, New Jersey
This is who the people of Gaza voted for. This is what they have to live or die with. Since martyrdom is the cornerstone of Hamas ideology and has been taught to it's younger followers since birth, the latter will probably hold true.
malcolm, New York ,
The world community must see in Hamastan, just established in the Gaza Strip, a terror entity and deal with it in such a way. The slaughter taking place there now under the leadership of Hamas, and the longer term goal of Hamas as written in its charter, pronounced by its leaders and carried out by its operatives whenever possible, that is the physical annihilation of the Jewish state of Israel and its Jewish population should no longer be excused. End all assistance to this entity now!!!
Nadav Katz, Jerusalem, Israel
Fatah and Hamas are like the Iraqi Shiites and Sunni arabs.They will never agree.
David Nigel Braham, Milan, Italy
I think I would be joining Hamas if I was part of 1.5 million in a jail 25 miles long by 5 miles wide; I may control inside the jail but it's still a jail. And it's my country which the Israelis are sitting on due to violence-Israel has no right to exist outside its legal borders and Gaza is nowhere near its legal borders.
Jack, London,
No doubt the UK Unions of academics, journalists etc will continue to support a boycott of Israel as the Palestinians of Hamas in Gaza continue to impose their fundamentalist tyranny.
Already we have seen book burnings, destruction of Internet cafes, discrimination against women. This will deepen and continue. Soon woman will be treated like in Afganistan under the Taliban and forbidden to attend school, practice MOST professions and not leave the house without a full veil and in the company of a male.
Will this attract the attention of the carion crows for boycotting Israel, no. They will blunder on, blind to the fact that they support medieval tyranny, a lust for blood and a hatred of women.
Jackie, Birmingham, UK
The West needs to wake up! Recognise the Hamas government and begin serious negotiations to end the Israeli occupation.
David, Andorra La Vella, Andorra
The West - and Israel - should arm Fatah. It is the best hope.
Ben, York,
no body talks about it when they do it to themselves and their true nature become clear but everyone has a lot to say when israel defends itself
strumple, vienna,
We see all the time all developed concerned countries
come up with the laborious effort to sort out the crisis,but
this this term no one of them appeared on the stage to this prevailing situation.They should have been by this time as it raise doubt over the International Peaceful Steps. As a concerned, i would expect the help from the developed cointries.
I wish all the best to the victims.
salauddin, Dhaka, Bangladesh
ohhh.... poor residents of gaza... must get humanitarian help... Maybe they should start thinking about the results of having 10 children in each family...
in 1970 there were 250,000 people in Gaza, and today 1.5 million... If the same growth rate would have taken place in Britian there would be more then 200,000 million people on the tiny island, and you would need humnaitarian help too...
When will the world learn the people should at some point take responsibility over their lives?
nir, Tel-Aviv,
This unfortunately is the consequence of decades of giving nothing to the Palestinians, no hope, gradually the extremists take control.
Remember whether we like it or not Hamas were legally elected last year, what was the reward for having democratic elections, sanctions, that have led to possibly the biggest gheto (dare I say it) since the second world war.
Am I surprised = No
John, Gwynedd, Wales
Never have a people over so long been so utterly betrayed by their politicians as the Palestinian have been. After them come the Belgians but a long way behind.
Now will people believe what Israeli spokespersons have been saying all along? And why on earth did Blair make the linkage between the Middle East peace process and support for the Allies in Iraq and Afghanistan? He understands nothing but himself.
Christopher Gillibrand, Brussels, "democratic" Belgium/ Europe