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Iran has expanded its capacity to enrich uranium and now has 3,000 centrifuges operating — enough potentially to produce an atom bomb within a year — the United Nations nuclear watchdog reported yesterday.
But the Islamic Republic has also taken tentative steps towards calming international fears about having secret plans for a nuclear device, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Iran’s deft diplomatic high wire act is likely to further frustrate efforts by the West to push further sanctions through the UN Security Council. Instead, the IAEA conclusions looked set to bolster the arguments of China and Russia that Tehran needs more time to open its books.
According to the report, Iran has given limited - but as far the agency can tell truthful - detail about its past nuclear work while still refusing to obey a UN demand for the suspension of the uranium enrichment programme.
“Iran has provided sufficient access to individuals and has responded in a timely manner to questions and provided clarifications and amplifications on issues raised,” said the ten-page report.
It added that the IAEA was “not in a position to provide credible assurances about the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities in Iran”.
Tehran yesterday lost no time in trumpeting the findings as a vindication of its defiance against the West. President Ahmadinejad said: “The world will see that the Iranian nation has been right and the resistance of our nation has been correct.”
Iran’s official news agency said the US, France and Britain knew in advance they were “going to suffer a blow by the scheduled report” and were resorting to “extortion” by presenting the IAEA with a list of additional questions for Tehran to answer.
Britain and the US have made plain that they are not satisfied and will pursue further sanctions from the Security Council and the European Union. The Foreign Office issued a statement yesterday saying: “If Iran wants to restore trust in its programme, it must come clean on all outstanding issues without delay.” The US envoy to the IAEA, Gregory Schulte, had already stated: “Selective cooperation is not good enough.”
But China’s foreign minister Yang Jiechi, visiting Tehran yesterday, indicated support for Iran’s “right to peacefully use nuclear energy”. Yang’s spokesman said Iranian officials had told him they do not intend to develop nuclear weapons, adding: “China also hopes all parties show flexibility and make its due efforts to the peaceful resolution of the issue.”
The IEAE report confirmed that Iran, which insists its programme is for peaceful purposes, has expanded uranium enrichment to around 3,000 centrifuge machines. This number is enough to start industrial production of nuclear fuel and could provide the material needed for an atom bomb within a year.
There is growing concern among senior military sources in Washington - among whom enthusiasm for military action has waned - that such a level of production could trigger an air strike from Israel on Iran’s Natanz nuclear facility.
Israel’s prime minister Ehud Olmert was yesterday forced to deny a Reuters report that he was already preparing specific measures to counter a nuclear Iran.
Speculation about Israel’s intentions has been fueled by its recent air strike against an alleged nuclear plant at Dayr az-Zawr in Syria. One source has suggested that the Pentagon did not know about the plan until Israeli F- 151 aircraft were already on their way to the target on September 6.
Another claimed that the airstrike was designed to send a message to Iran which has surrounded its Natanz nuclear facility with the same air defence weapons purchased by Syria to defend Dayr az-Zawr. “It showed Iran that Israel can hit them whenever they want,” said the official.
Tehran’s co-operation with the IEAE has included handing over a long-withheld blueprint showing how to shape uranium metal into hemispheres for a nuclear warhead. The Iranians claim this document was given to them unsolicited by rogue Pakistani scientist Abdul Qadeer Khan.
Iran also provided information about a new centrifuge system called the “P2” - believed to operate with technology provided by Khan - which can refine uranium two or three times faster than the earlier prototype.
Yesterday’s IEAE report added, however, that Iran’s “cooperation has been reactive rather than proactive”.
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The Iranian regime poses a great danger to both the west and Israel because of the fact that it uses proxy radical Islamic ideologists such as Hamas, Hezbollah and Al Qaida to carry out its military objectives in Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon and Gaza, by arming them with the most advanced weapons including a nuclear bomb if it is developed. It is the responsibility of every reasonable person in the world to stop the Iranian madness of developing the A-BOMB which can lead to a catastrophic war of extinction of the ME civilization. Since Iran with nuclear arsenal can not be contained by deterrence, it should be prevented by all means from acquiring the BOMB.
Dave, Rutland,
I'm more worried about Pakistan having the bomb, it is an unstable country currently under military dictatorship and an uncertain future. With neighbours like these, Israel and the US occupied Iraq and Afghanistan, is it any wonder Iran wants strong defences?
Mark, Newcastle,
The answer is easy Thorium reactors. Everybody should ask there own Politicians why they are not using Thorium.
Thorium by-products cannot be re-processed into weapons-grade material.
Thorium reactors also produce only a tiny fraction of the hazardous waste created by uranium-fuelled reactors.
No Melt downs are possible with Thorium
Norway and Russia are going to use them, why not give these reactor to Iran - They can only be used to produce Electricity
mohsen, malaga, spain
In my view the report is well-balanced and fair. Some of your commentators have ignored the fact that enrichment from 3.5% to weapons grade of roughly 90% is an easier task than going up to 3.5%. Also ignored by the commentators as well as the reporters is the Iranian heavy water reactor at Arak which would be quite useful in the production of plutonium provided that the Tehran regime has (or is) preparing the necessary chemical reprocessing facility.
Enhanced sanctions by the EU and US are the minimum necessary form of coercion to induce the Tehran government to be more forthcoming regarding the goal(s) of their nuclear program. Certainly it is not prudent given the regime's past history to merely trust without verification. It is not yet time to resort to force, but that time, as the French FM indicated may come sooner rather than later.
Dr Mark Mercer, Walnut Creek, New Mexico
The moralistic stuff about Iran's right to nuclear weapons is liberal democracy gone mad. Here we have a very unstable regime and president running an unpleasant police state, bent on expanding their power and Shiite dogma over a fair slice of the middle east powder keg, eliminating Israel and dominating a good proportion of the world's oil.
Terrific news. But let's do nothing and hope the nasty men go away, eh. Unfortunately, Ahmadinejad and his cronies are rather similar in outlook, ambition and method to Adolf and his cronies and these people don't tend to go away. The lesson we know is that they keep coming until someone stands up to them. Clinton? Pelossi? Some hope!
The Saudis made a very sensible proposal that Iran's uranium was manufactured in a neutral country, under IAEA control, to which all middle east countries would have access for nuclear power. It's illuminating how quickly the Iranians dodged round that one. Seems they want the power and the weapons, soon as.
royc, London, UK
Turn China against Iran and see what happens. The Chinese will soon start complaining loudly about the Nuclear intentions of their near neighbour.
I am astonished at your contributors who think that the U S has tamed the U N, when China and Russia continually thwart U S efforts regarding Iran.
As soon as Iran states that it has nuclear weapons then destroy the missile sites with pre-emptive strikes. The Russians and Chinese will make noisy protests but be secretly relieved at the removal of the threat.
Riley, Kyiv, Ukraine
nbow or never.the evil of iran is showing again,two options either we change this theological regeime and its evil leaders or destroy its capabilirty of making WMD or nuclear capability otherwise it would be too late for many inhabitants of this earth.those people heart are black as thier turbans. ROBERT
robert wintertton, NEW YORK, USA
Let them have the bomb - let's just get on with nuclear war.
Ellen Morris, Leeds,
Your title is simply a dangerous lie. IAEA report does not mention anything close.
Your logic is also completely flawed. You assume that the centrifuges enriching uranium to 3.5% purity can be used to produce weapon's grade uranium (at least 85%). A 2005 CIA report determined that it could take Iran 10 years to achieve this level of enrichment. Independent nuclear experts have stated that Iran would face formidable technical obstacles if it tried to enrich uranium beyond the 3.5% purity required for electricity generation (e.g. See Oxford Research Group's report). IAEA director reiterated in October that âour conclusion here is supported by every intelligence assessment I've seen that even if Iran has ambitions to develop nuclear weapons, it's still three to eight years away from that"
I find the reporting on this article irresponsible, unprofessional, misleading, and dangerous at a time when our world needs cool-headed public and politicians to deal with a boiling crisis.
hazhir rahmandad, falls church, va
Iran has shown the world that it now has the capability to produce nuclear weapons; and that is pushed, they will mass produce them. I think, therefore, now it is up to the United States to back off and stop provoking Iran into that path. No nation on earth would refuse to defend itself against bullies. Iran has as much right to stand up for itself as anyone else. West should respect Iranians and make friends before it is too late. It is obvious that Iranians dont scare easily. They would die rather than let Bush step on them. They are a proud people.
Z Hussain, Rochdale, UK
I do not know why the London Times continually inflames sentiment towards more and vastly destabilizing war in the Middle East. Iran will not waive its legal rights under the NPT to the fuel cycle for power generation. IAEA has zero evidence of 90% enrichment, required for bomb grade utilization. It is technically easy to detect that, as opposed to around 4% to fuel power plants producing electricity. This is the reasonable threshold to judge their intentions.
None of the foregoing is in denial of the many deficiencies of the IRI. I have recently toured extensively around the country, have seen the "fashion police" in action on the streets, and the huge portraits of the leaders of Guardian Council in the airports. Scary, but I also can attest that the vast majority of the population which is under age 30 wants fundamental change towards more personal freedom. It will happen in time if we do not blast them for WMD they do not have.
tarquinis, Seattle, USA
What an absolute rubbish piece of reporting ... Times you should be ashamed. Nowhere in the report does the IAEA even allude to the production of fissionable material for a bomb. There is a big difference to the 4% enrichment level needed for fuel and the 95% enrichment rate required for a bomb. Even the CIA stated that at best the Iranians would be 5-10 years away from producing a bomb.
Your report is misleading in the extreme. You seem to be taking your lead from the same charaters that lead us into that wonderfully successful operation in IRAQ.
Michael, Utrecht, Netherlands
The last credible reports showed Iran had only enriched Uranium to 3%: a long way from the 90% needed to make a bomb.
There are many other technical hurdles they must also overcome and then they need a delivery system for that bomb.
I would bet my life that Iran isn't close to building a nuke.
Pakistan already has them, not to mention the USSR and China .The USA has been foolish under Republican rule and has made the world much less safe and the American people much less free.
Rich Blackmoor, exton, pa
I think all of these are only arrogates. If Iran give up his peaceful nuclear program, US and other western governments will find another purports to make pressure to Iran! We experience this through the time!
It is better to Iran to resist against the pressures! I think behind all of these scenarios is Israel. Israel doesn't want a strong state in Middle east. its behavior shows lots of prof to this claim!
Sepehr, Tabriz, IRAN
So the moral of the story is who is more dangerous, the Iranian leader or the American leader. Do we really have to pick one over the other. One will be gone in a year, and the sooner the other is gone the better.
Christopher Hobe Morrison, Pine Bush, Ulster County, NY, USA
It is worthwhile looking at the timeline for Iraq and the asertions made by US and UK entities. Where were the WMDs and the missiles capable of reaching USA in Iraq.
It is so easy to forget the justifications that were used to persuade the Coallition of the Willing and the following results in Iraq.
Is this a prelude to a last fling of a once mighty power - and a President that cannot run again! Ratcheting up the nuclear development of Iran and setting Turkey against its neighbour is just a prelude! A prelude to a pre-emptive strike on Iran ?
US has tamed the UN but the neo-conservatives in the US have lost the goal of leadership of the world because they have lost the moral high ground.
As Al Gore says - Politicians are a renewable resource. Let us hope that we dont see a last fling by an Administration that cannot be re-elected.
Jowett , Santo Domingo, Carribean
Here we go again, another domino in the Middle East to be knocked over by America.
Why is it that America, Russia, China, England, France, Israel, Pakistan, India can have Nuclear weapons but not Iran, North Korea, etc.
Simple America daren't take on Russia or China, has allies? of England, France. Needs Pakistan and India to keep order in the region (whilst not Allies they are equals). Supports the Israeli's as the region paid policemen.
I consider (and have done since the 60s ) that all nuclear weapons should be abolished so maybe I am biased.
Howard, Basildon, England
The UN is nothing more then a pawn of the United States.
The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, of which Iran is a member allows them the right of safe nuclear power, as long as they abide by IAEA (and not UN) Inspection). if the IAEA is satisfied, that should be the end of the story.
Hopefully Ron Paul becomes president and eliminates the US membership in the UN, As that would probobly put an end to the bullying of Iran.
Scott, Chilliwack, Canada