James Hider in Jerusalem
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Donors from 90 nations gather in Paris today to pledge billions of dollars to rebuild the shattered Palestinian economy, but economists and human rights groups say that the huge cash injection will be wasted if Israel does not lift crippling roadblocks and travel restrictions.
Oxfam, the World Bank and the International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC) have said that Israeli curbs on movement into and within the West Bank and Gaza Strip have strangled the Palestinian economy.
The situation is particularly dire in Gaza, which has been suffering a total closure of its borders by Israel and Egypt since the radical Islamist movement Hamas seized power there in June. The coastal territory’s economy has been effectively wiped out by six months of isolation.
“Without the political dimension, without sufficient pressure or concern to change the Israeli policy . . . the extra money is going to be of very little help,” Mike Bailey, of Oxfam, said in Jerusalem. “Development aid and investment into economic growth for the Palestinian state is going to be severely undermined, if not completely negated, by the current movement and access restrictions that we see within the West Bank and around the borders of Gaza.”
Tony Blair has been charged with creating a growing economy since he became the international community’s co-ordinator in the region this summer. His job is to revitalise the Palestinian economy, allowing a viable state to emerge. Aid groups say that this is not possible without dramatic concessions by Israel, which is wary of Palestinian militants renewing their attacks on its cities.
In a rare public statement, the ICRC called on Israel to “lift the retaliatory measures that are paralysing life in Gaza”. It also urged Palestinian factions to stop targeting civilian areas.
Béatrice Mégevand-Roggo, the ICRC head of operations for the Middle East and North Africa, said: “The measures imposed by Israel come at an enormous humanitarian cost, leaving the people living under occupation with just enough to survive but not enough to live a normal and dignified life.”
At the donors’ conference in Paris, co-chaired by Mr Blair and regarded as the crucial economic counterpoint to last month’s peace summit in Annapolis, Maryland, governments will be asked to stump up $5.6 billion (£2.8 billion) for a three-year reconstruction plan. The World Bank, however, said in a report that if Israeli restrictions remained in place, the projected influx of cash would only slow a “downward cycle of crisis and dependence”. It said that even if donors pledged the full amount being asked but Israel did not lift roadblocks, the Palestinian economy would keep shrinking by 2 per cent a year. If, on the hand, the restrictions were seriously reduced, the plan could revitalise the Palestinian private sector and push growth into double digits.
The worst outcome would be a failure to secure full donations and the continuation of Israel’s strict closures. That scenario could trigger a sharp fall in growth and “the already growing poverty levels will rise dramatically”, the bank report said. But if there were full donor support and considerable easing of movement, it would revive the private sector and “drive growth rates to even double-digit levels”.
Life in poverty
- Palestinian GDP fell by more than 5 per cent last year to $1,700 (£840) per capita
- Unemployment among the four million Palestinians reached almost 24 per cent last year
- Last year the Palestinian Authority spent $1,022 million. Its total revenue over the same period was only $570 million
- The average hourly pay of a semi-skilled Palestinian worker is just under $1.5. In Israel it is $9.81
- The Palestinian Authority has received $10 billion in international aid since its formation in 1993
Source: HM Government report
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The state of Israel is only 60 years old. Historically just a flea bite in time. It is clear that it will never survive for longer than perhaps another decade. The original Zionist dream of Theodor Herzl, a hundred years ago, has been well and truly shattered by the 'brave IDF' soldiers with their American weapons who can kill women and children with no compunction but who cannot even make a viable state without American aid. Israel will return to an Arab land just as grass will return to soil for this faux regime, between the Mediterranean and the Jordan, is built on sand and arrogance.
Mark my words well - by the time another decade is out, the Middle East will be returned to its indigenous people and the state of Israel will be just a memory.
C U Vaird, London, UK
I think that Tony Blair has some good qualities - but is not the right man for this job. His Labour "policy" was that if there's a problem, throw money (someone else's) at it.
No bunch of people has received the largesse from the Europeans & the US as has these Arabs. Oh that Africans were important (i.e. were Muslims or had oil or both) they might benefit from a cash inflow.
But history has shown that pumping more money to this lot just makes matters worse.
BTW, why is it that Arab nations have reduced their paltry 8% donation to UNWRA's budget to a derisory 3%. Have they no love of their brethren or are they feeling the pinch somewhere else?
M.Lester, London, UK
It is very clear that Israel's highest goal is to take permanently as much of the West Bank occupied territories as possible. It is the Zionist goal - reclaiming the land given to them by the tribal God, Jehovah. Too bad other people happened to be living there! Palestinian terrorist bombers played right into their hands. 1) Gave Israel an excuse to build "the wall" under the guise of keeping the bombers out, real reason, an opportunity to stake out more territory. 2) Gave certain Jews an opportunity to vent thousnads of years of hurt and pain, on a people weaker than themselves. The cruelty being displayed by Israel is horrible.
Leoni, brisbane, Australia
Let the Palesinians back to their homes, and then we can debate punishing the gunmen who've kept them out for so long.
No other solution is acceptable in justice or in law - and perhaps most significantly, the Palestinians are not going to accept anything else.
Fortunately, the problem is actually resolving itself - Israelis no longer ask "When will you make Aliyah?" but "How do I get a Green Card?".
Andy Dyer, London,
God bless you Deborah!
Patrick, LA, US/CA
In 2005, when each Israeli family moved out of the Gaza strip, each family was generously given between $250,000 - $300,000 from American tax money to compensate the financial lost of their homes. These Israeli citizens have already been paid! Now the Israeli government obviously wants to continue to destroy more Palestinians lives, and the US unfortunley supports it, even though the rest of the world doesn't. Does anyone care that Israel has over 64 sanctions from the UN for it's mistreatment to other countrys? Ironically, the land that Israel is on now, isn't even legally theirs, and the US supports that too.
Ross Riccitelli, Orange, Connecticut
To the people in the above comments. Keep it up. When the Palestinians ask for equality instead of freedom, you'll rue the day your racist prejudice passed for any kind of "perspective" on the conflict. Today, there is one state. It's called Israel, and in the state are roughly equal Palestinian and Israeli Jews, in a relationship of radical inequality. Thanks to viewpoints like your own, there will be no two state solution.
Maybe, when there is one state with equality, instead of an ethnically exclusive, radically indulged, nuclear power oppressing an entire people in an apartheid system, the world will at last see some stability in the Middle East. Rest assured, we will not permit your racism to go unnoticed. We will resist it.
Deborah , Wichita , USA
It is the poor Palestinians, especially the women, who suffer. They lose their sons as suicide bombers, their children caught in gun battles are are killed or maimed, in spite of the billions poured into the country by the conscience stricken Western countries, it does not seem to get to them. Whenever there is an event the men go out into the streets and fire off their guns. Is ammunition not expensive? Where do they get their money from to waste on ammo? Remember Arafat' wife who lived in luxury in a posh hotel in Paris? Who paid for this? If the leaders could concentrate on helping their own people who are in need, and desist from acts which only invite strong reaction from the Israelis, perhaps they will attract more sympathy.
Whatever happened to the great Palestinian woman, Hannah?
You read a great deal of the plight of women in the Middle East
Whatever you might say of Sadam, at least women did not have to fear beatings or murder; I believe Gadafi treats women as humans
Anna, Reading, UK
As one who worked in Palestine and Israel as an international observer I have to say, 'Get the facts straight.' Comments about roadblocks, deaths and money given by Lily, Wallace and Steven are extremely uninformed. The roadblocks are some of the over 600 roadblocks WITHIN Palestine--not between Palestine and Israel as implied by their comments. Roadblocks and permits prevent Palestinian farmers from transporting their produce from traveling more than 12 to 15 miles from their homes. When speaking of Israeli deaths by Palestinians remember that the 'kill-ratio' now exceeds 5 to 1--more than 5 Palestinians killed by Israeli military and settlers to one Israeli killed by Palestinians. The $10 billion given to Palestine since 1993 compares with more than $70 billion given to Israel by the United States government alone in that same time period...an average of more than $5 billion a year. -- Lloyd Auchard, U.S. citizen living in Midhurst, West Sussex, UK
Lloyd Auchard, Midhurst, West Sussex, United Kingdom
It is perverse that those who should be the most concerned about the Palestinians' hardship, namely their leaders, also happen to be those who do nothing to reverse it. Once again, others are to blame - Israel for the West Bank, and Egypt and Israel for Gaza.
It is irrational to expect Israel to remove travel restrictions when the Palestinian leaders do nothing to restrain their numerous militias who are wedded to their terrorist careers. In effect, Israel is being asked to absorb terrorist attacks to improve the Palestinian standard of living.
In the case of Gaza, from which Israel withdrew in August 2005, the 'hamas government' actively encourages rocket attacks against Israel. Over 2000 have been fired in the last nine months.
Before expecting others to act to improve their lives, Palestinians need to acquire some discipline and demonstrate that they can form a functioning state rather than a mini-Somalia. If $10 billion in aid has not helped, nothing will.
Lily, London,
How many Israeli lives are you willing to lose to improve the Palestinian economy? A better way is to end the Oslo Peace process. This is what happened in the West Bank after 1967 and before Oslo transferred authority to the PLO.
"...astounding social and economic progress [was] made by the Palestinian Arabs under Israeli "oppression." At the inception of the occupation, conditions in the territories were quite dire. Life expectancy was low; malnutrition, infectious diseases, and child mortality were rife; and the level of education was very poor. Prior to the 1967 war, fewer than 60 percent of all male adults had been employed, with unemployment among refugees running as high as 83 percent. Within a brief period after the war, Israeli occupation had led to dramatic improvements in general well-being, placing the population of the territories ahead of most of their Arab neighbors.
Details: Karsh, "What Occupation" http://www.palestinefacts.org/what_occupation.html
Wallace Edward Brand, Alexandria, US/Virginia
Lifting all the roadblocks is easy for us to say but what happens when the first suicide bomber kills a load of Israelis? 200 - 300,000 Palestinians just a few days ago celebrated their beloved Hamas in Gaza collectively vowing to both increase violence and NEVER accept any peace with the Jews. In fact they taunted the Jews and dared them to enter Gaza and we want them to dismantle one of the very things that helps limit the attacks against them? I wonder if we'd feel the same way being in Israel's shoes? Not very likely.
Steven, Des Moines, US/Iowa
How much was in Arafat's bank account when he died? A billion? More? Their poverty is what happens when all their resources are directed at one single thing - killing Israelis and dreaming that they can make Israel disappear. Maybe when they realize that Israel is never going away, instead of spending all their aid money on new weapons, they'll spend it on their people and their economy and their education. After that for about ten years, I bet the stats would look very different.
Jeffrey Lew, Miami, Fl
A Palestinian state is no longer a viable option that particular horse has well and truly bolted. With hamas in control in Gaza, what is Israel meant to do? Itâs a sad thing but Israel should annexe Gaza and the west bank to try to bring this mess to some sort of conclusion - one in which they continue to exist in the very least.
simon, sydney, oz
The Arabs cause their own problems by thriving on hate and a willfull destruction of a Jewish sovereign nation. The Gazan's have access via the Mediterranean and through Egypt. Let them use those areas. Also, where are the billions given to Arafat which could subsidize growth?
Mel Kohan, wellington, Fla.