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The deaths of 32 students and teachers at Virginia Tech in April placed gun control back at the top of the political agenda in the United States.
The university campus became the scene of another bloodbath in the wake of the deaths of 12 students and a teacher at the Columbine High School massacre in 1999. This time, an identikit young misfit, Cho Seung-hui, vented his frustrations on his contemporaries with two semiautomatic handguns – both legally purchased.
Such a tragedy prompted new calls for increased arms controls from presidential candidates, among them Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama; the issue also enjoys bi-partisan support. Nancy Pelosi, the Republican speaker of the House of Representatives, is an outspoken anti-firearm campaigner, insisting that US gun manufacturers and retailers be held responsible in law for gun misuse.
But in America, getting serious about gun control might well amount to a one-way ticket to the political wilderness. There are over 200m guns in the US, almost enough to arm every American adult; however, only a quarter of US adults own guns. A recent survey showed that gun ownership is most prevalent among the college-educated middle classes living in rural states, most of them Republican.
The right to bear arms has been enshrined for more than two centuries in the Second Amendment to the US constitution. Few politicians, of any hue, wish to be seen chipping away at the bedrock of the republic.
Kyle Cassidy spent two years photographing American gun owners in their homes, starting in his home state of Pennsylvania. His extraordinary pictures confirm that gun ownership in America is not confined simply to a narrow social class – he met doctors, lawyers, business executives, tattoo artists, web designers, all with an enthusiasm for firearms. His pictures have a haunting, surreal quality; the overwhelming majority of those who were happy to be photographed are law-abiding and God-fearing. It’s just that along with the walk-in wardrobe and ice-dispensing refrigerator, they happen to own an Uzi submachinegun.
“I was surprised to find that gun ownership in America is not a monocultural thing,” says Cassidy. “People from all backgrounds and locations are keen on guns. Gun ownership has become part of their lives, and they would be very reluctant to give up their weapons.”
In some cases Cassidy spent months trying to persuade families to sit for his photographs. Many were suspicious at first, but he persisted and eventually they invited him into their homes, displaying their suburban arsenals as they would a home-made quilt. The first family he photographed were Judi and Donno, from Pennsylvania and their son, Uzi.
Cassidy ran into Donno at a party. “He was wearing a National Rifle Association badge on his leather jacket and I asked if I could photograph him in his house with his guns. His only response was, ‘Can I wear my suit?!’ What I found in this couple was a complete lack of suspicion. They were happy to be in the photograph and fun to be around. After being glowered at for nearly a year, I’d finally met the right people. They were proud of being gun owners and having everybody know they were gun owners.”
Some of his subjects, Cassidy says, are enthusiastic collectors, owning guns that are family heirlooms. Others are weekend hunters, anxious to maintain the American frontier tradition of finding and gathering food for themselves. Mike, a chef from Oregon, said: “Two years ago I realised that I wanted to shoot, cook and eat a wild turkey for Thanksgiving. It’s hard to describe, but it’s a lot different when you actually have to pluck the feathers and reach your hand into the warm body and pull out the guts rather than just slicing up a pre-frozen package that’s wrapped and sanitised for your own protection.”
This hunting tradition accounts for many shooters photographed by Cassidy, particularly in the rural states. In some areas of Wisconsin, Cassidy said: “Gun ownership is so widespread that if I’d gone from door to door looking for potential subjects I’d have been hard pushed to find a single family who didn’t own a firearm.” Weekend hunting, mainly for deer, is engrained in the local culture; more surprising perhaps is what commentators including Cassidy have described as the rise of the “security moms”.
Primarily middle class, white, educated and liberal, a security mom is a soccer mom with a lethal weapon. They have taken to carrying handguns – or at least keeping them in their homes – as a way of defending their family from the threat they perceive from Al-Qaeda. A handgun is a natural extension of the fire extinguisher or the burglar alarm; some security moms took up arms after the chaos that ensued after Hurricane Katrina.
“After September 11, many of these women felt powerless,” says Cassidy. “They had a sense of general helplessness. They could not protect their families – and some of them addressed this by buying a handgun.”
Few of Cassidy’s subjects have fired a shot in anger. One man had a run-in with a local vagrant which led to the police taking a long-term interest in his gun ownership. Others are quite happy just to shoot the occasional round at their local gun club. Meanwhile, the security moms are still buying more handguns, waiting for an attack on middle America by snipers from Al-Qaeda.
Armed America: Portraits of Gun Owners in their Homes, by Kyle Cassidy, is published by David & Charles on September 6, priced £14.99. It is available at the Sunday Times BooksFirst price of £13.50, including p&p. Tel: 0870 165 8585 or click here to buy
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"Truth is, nearly every American gun control group would just like to block gun access to the mentally ill, criminals, and children. Current federal and state laws are full of loopholes that need closing before this can be accomplished."
If this were the case, then why are gun control groups so opposed to the lawful carry of concealed weapons, the possession of "high-capacity" magazines, the banning of firearms that have "evil features" like pistol grips, flash hiders, bayonet lugs, and retractable stocks?
The only loophole you guys want to get rid of is the right to keep and bear arms. Just admit it, and don't pee on my head and tell me it's raining.
There are already many, many federal and state laws on the books that regulate the possession of firearms by those who are unfit, incapable, or underage.
However, as England proves every day, criminals, "children", and the mentally ill can get as many guns as they want out of the boot of a car. Money is the only limiter.
Steve F,, Tucson, USA
I happen to know two of the people pictured and can vouch for their integrity. I can say of both that they're people of high character who wouldn't brandish their firearms for frivolous reasons. Should you invade their homespace, you'll catch a touch of what's referred to as lead poisoning.
To portray them as "security moms" (or dads) as being led astray by false suspicions is rather ignorant. As Americans, our home is our castle, private property is sacrosanct.
More importantly, Nancy Pelosi is NOT a Republican. The gun control issue does NOT have bi-partisan support. Rather, Republicans are 95% pro-gun, and many Democrats, particularly "blue dog" Democrats, are highly pro-gun. This is outright false reporting!!!
So to our friends in the UK, don't trust your media's kneejerk anti-American stories. Unfortunately, you not only lack the 2nd Amendment (Arms) freedoms, you also seem to lack free speech and an honest press.
Samuel Adams, Chester County, Pennsylvania, USA
Note to those who have only seen this online version of the Magazine:
The full article in the printed version has more photo's & quotes from those photographed & shows firearms owners in a better light than this condensed version.
Americans are 100% right in their desire to retain the Right to Keep & Bear Arms. If only we had kept hold of ours...
Mike Sterland, Whitehaven, Cumbria, England
The article looked reasonably balanced (for someone likely coming from an anti-gun background) until I hit this gem: "They have taken to carrying handguns â or at least keeping them in their homes â as a way of defending their family from the threat they perceive from Al-Qaeda."
Now, I'm no soccer mom. I'm not even a woman, but I don't know anyone who carries or owns a gun out of fear of an Al-Qaeda attack. I carry a handgun (usually openly, at that) as a possible means of defense in the unlikely event that some thug(s) decide that I would make a convenient target for a mugging.
It would have been nice if the author had at least a *quote* from someone who carries who claimed that they were seeking to defend themselves from Al Qaeda, but I suppose that hyperbole is more convenient when no facts support a claim.
Keenan Wilkie, Louisville, KY
Nothing could be a bigger lie than to say that gun control is about banning guns completely, but gun enthusiasts in the U.S. repeat this lie nonstop on their websites and in their communications with legislators. The lying needs to stop.
Truth is, nearly every American gun control group would just like to block gun access to the mentally ill, criminals, and children. Current federal and state laws are full of loopholes that need closing before this can be accomplished.
Many groups would also like to see gun manufacturers held liable for faulty products that are unsafe for the user, just as other American manufacturers are held liable for their unsafe products.
This type of gun control has worked well in other many other countries. The law-abiding still own and use guns there, but the mentally ill, criminals, and children are less often armed than in the U.S. Not surprisingly, total murder and gun injury rates are far lower there than in the U.S., esp. domestic homicide rates.
Falcon, Salt Lake City, U.S.A./Utah
The article looked reasonably balanced (for someone likely coming from an anti-gun background) until I hit this gem: "They have taken to carrying handguns â or at least keeping them in their homes â as a way of defending their family from the threat they perceive from Al-Qaeda."
Now, I'm no soccer mom. I'm not even a woman, but I don't know anyone who carries or owns a gun out of fear of an Al-Qaeda attack. I carry a handgun (usually openly, at that) as a possible means of defense in the unlikely event that some thug(s) decide that I would make a convenient target for a mugging.
It would have been nice if the author had at least a *quote* from someone who carries who claimed that they were seeking to defend themselves from Al Qaeda, but I suppose that hyperbole is more convenient when no facts support a claim.
Keenan Wilkie, Louisville, KY
This notion of the Al-Qaeda-fearing armed housewife is too hilarious for words. While I grant the possibility that 9/11 sparked a healthy awareness of powerlessness, the idea of the Al Qaeda sniper taking potshots at suburbanites is ridiculous. I don't deny that it's a good idea to arm oneself against the predations of the intruder, and more importantly, the State. America is the freest place on Earth because here the State is the most fearful and respectful of the people.
Sam Zdat, Reno, U.S. / Nevada
I think it's worthwhile and important to remind people that the right to bear arms enshrined in the second amendment serves as the ultimate check against the power of the State, and is fundamental to America as a free society.
Ben Miner, Fairfax, VA
"Uzi, Donno and Judi: A tattoo artist and a midwife, Donno and Judi live in Pennsylvania. They have two assault rifles and their son is named after a submachinegun"
Pictured are 1 semi-automatic rifle, 1 shotgun, and zero assault rifles. An assault rifle is fully automatic, or capable of switching from full to semi-auto. "Assault rifle" is mostly a term the media uses to frighten non-gun owners.
Also, Uzi is named after a character in "The Royal Tennenbaums", not the SMG. Interestingly enough, though, shortly after deciding on the name, Uzi Gal- the inventor of the Uzi submachine gun- died here in Philadelphia. Strange coincidence, indeed.
Donno, Philadelphia, PA, USA
As an American i appreciate the unbiased view of gun ownership in my country, however I feel you should be informed that Nancy Pelosi is in fact a Democrat, not a Republican.
Andreas Miller, Culpeper, Virginia
I'm offended by the caption you placed under the photo of the cover of Cassidy's "Armed America". I know that family very well, in fact that is my daughter and grandson. He is not named after a submachine gun. His name is in the bible and means "my strength, my power" He is an exceptionally smart little boy and my daughter holds two bachelors and two master degrees. I grew up in the country around guns as my daughter did. We respect the law but this is a free country and we have a constitutional right to bear arms. I am married to a British citizen, who stated he didn't care for guns, but when Hurricane Charlie blew out several windows in our home and there was no electricity, who do you think took my gun out of the safe and slept with it under his pillow. As with this book when it comes to people, "don't judge a book by its cover"
Patricia Patton, Kissimmee, Florida, U.S.A
London Times you are not correct in your assumptions about the origin of my sons name. Mr. Gould you are correct in that my son, Uzi, was not named after the gun. We discovered the name, Uzi, after watching The Royal Tennanbaums. The twins in the movie were named Uzi and Ari. I loved the name and did some research on it. The name means, my strength, my power, which my son is to both my husband and myself. As a side note, Uzi Gal passed away in Philadelphia the week we decided on this name for our son. I had no idea he lived in Philly and somehow it all seemed to fit for us. Uziel is an ancient and beautiful name and a dying one.
Judi Gilbert, Philadelphia, PA
Nancy Pelosi is a member of the Democratic party, not the Republicans as the author reports.
Although polling suggests that gun ownership is favored more by Republicans than Democrats, please don't make this a partisan issue. Most Americans are not registered with a political party. Many gun owners who believe that the US Constitution should be interpreted as it was written are also displeased with America's two party political system.
The root of American "gun culture" is that Americans would rather not be forced into dependance on government for our provision and protection. History has shown that individuals in unarmed welfare driven societies are more likely to suffer abuse for holding differing opinions. Against turning popular opinion, gun owning Americans are trying to hold on to the freedoms that were envisioned when we sought independence from European aristocracy.
Eric Hutchenreuther, Detroit, USA / Michigan
Uzi wasn't necessarily named after the submachine gun, and the assumption that he was is presumptuous and offensive. "Uzi" is short for "Uziel", a Jewish name of distinction and long historical pedigree. The gun you're thinking about was named after its creator, Uziel Gal, an Israeli soldier.
Harman Gould, Toronto, Canada
Kyle Cassidy is really wasting his time on this "project." Everyone knows that free men and women own guns. It's our right, our obligation, our duty. As Freud said, "A fear of weapons is a sign of retarded sexual and emotional maturity." Below is a quote from the Public Broadcasting System, USA.
"The Rugged Lands Of Pakistan" by Don Belt of the National Geographic:
"[The] people tend to be mountaineers, much like the people in the Appalachians in this country [USA] are. They're resilient. They're tough. They're self-reliant. They're independent as the dickens. They don't take kindly to outsiders coming in and telling them what to do."
"Many, many people carry guns in these areas. By law, they're allowed to. So every man, no matter how poor, is carrying a gun, and every man's a king, in certain ways. It's incredibly difficult to lead or to control these territories because of this tradition that they have displayed for thousands of years of resisting outsiders."
John Thayer, Winter Park, Florida, USA
Come to my home and I will show you almost 100 guns and thousands of rounds of ammo with the capability of making hundreds of thousands more. Virginia Tech shows that places that are willing to disarm you make you a victim waiting to happen. Studies have shown that guns SAVE lives in the states to the tune of 2.5 million times per year. Even a study done by the anti-gun Clinton administration admitted to a figure of 1.5 million. Look at the aftermath of Katrina. Look at the LA riots. Guns SAVE lives!
I carry my gun almost everywhere because I am a citizen and not a subject. I am an instructor that has taught over 1000 people to carry their gun. Guns SAVE Lives!
The Virginia Citizens Defense League tried for the last two years to get a law passed that would have allowed students 21 years old and up to carry on campus saying that our schools are prime targets for terrorists. When it did not go through a VT Administrator said thanks for letting us FEEL safe.. Yeah Right!
Bruce J, Stafford, Virginia
"I guess thats why my ancestors came here, where they could practice the religion of their choice and have the ability to defend their own life and liberty with minimal governmental intrusion!"
Go on. Next you'll be telling us that really worked out for you.
John Annis, London,
Why do you have such a bias against guns and someones right to own them? I guess thats why my ancestors came here, where they could practice the religion of their choice and have the ability to defend their own life and liberty with minimal governmental intrusion!
Christian Jensen, Irvine, USA/California
I've studied the topic of guns and gun control, and the petri-dish that the UK has become on the topic, and I can say that I am not at all surprised by the slant your paper has put on this topic and this book.
First, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi is a DEMOCRAT, not a Republican. I thought the "professional" media had editors? Second, Judi and Donno Layton named their son "Uzi" after Judy watched the film "The Royal Tenenbaums" - a fairly popular film - in which a character was named Uzi, the Philadelphia Weekly reported. (You know, reporting? As opposed to assuming?)
âI didnât pick the name,â says Layton. âMy wife Judi did after watching The Royal Tenenbaums. We looked it up, and it means âmy strength and power.â Then a few days after weâd decided on the name, Uzi Gal, the inventor of the Uzi submachinegun, diedâright here in Philly! Crazy coincidence, eh?â
I could go on, but what's the point? To you, guns are evil and inexplicable, and Americans are crazy.
Kevin Baker, Tucson, USA