Ginny McGrath
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The opening of the New Acropolis Museum on Sunday June 21 will bring to an end 30 years of planning, construction and controversy.
The modern gallery in the shadow of the Parthenon, is the new home to a unique horde of treasures from ancient Greece that have for years been housed either in storage or in a smaller, inadequate museum space down the road.
Architect Bernard Tschumi designed the museum to allow the sculptures to be seen in natural light, but high-spec glass and climate-control ensures they are not damaged by sunlight. The piece de la resistance is the top floor, where visitors will be able to see the frieze from the Parthenon, then turn their back to look at the ruins of the temple itself.
The Elgin marbles, which were removed from the Parthenon in Athens by Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, and sold to the British Museum, now remain in its Duveen Gallery, to the distress of the Greek government.
The museum has even reserved a space for the missing sculptures in optimistic anticipation of their return.
At present the British Museum’s policy remains the same, that the marbles, which are the largest collection of Parthenon sculptures outside of Greece, are staying put despite protests from the Greek government.
The Greek government’s appeals have had more luck elsewhere – it has already received a slab of the Parthenon frieze from the Salinas Museum in Palermo, where it has hung for more than 200 years, but will now take its place in the New Acropolis Museum.
It portrays the draped lower leg, ankle and foot of a seated goddess, believed to be Artemis.
Missing body parts like this are commonplace in the Athens frieze – the new museum displays its original pieces and missing parts are shown in glaring white plaster chunks. The Greek government hopes these sections will gradually be replaced by the genuine artefacts.
Commenting on the Italian gesture, Anthony Snodgrass, chairman of the British Committee for the Reunification of the Parthenon Marbles said: “Following on the return of the ‘Heidelberg foot’, a somewhat smaller fragment from the Parthenon’s North Frieze, two years ago, and of a piece from another Acropolis temple, the Erechtheion, by a retired Swedish teacher a little later, it looks like part of an inexorable chain reaction.
“We are looking forward to the news of further returns of Parthenon fragments, from other European museums.”
One of the arguments that has kept the marbles in London concerns the lack of suitable space and environment in which to display them in Athens, but the opening of the state-of-the-art museum will quash that tack.
The Greeks hope that public opinion will sway in their favour following the museum’s opening. The museum expects to receive some two million visitors a year – a sizeable chunk of the 13 million who visit the site of the Acropolis annually.
Currently opinion is divided – a 2008 Mori poll of 2,100 people found that 50 per cent of people were familiar with the marbles debate, and 69 per cent of them believe the marbles should be returned to Athens.
Regardless of your stand on the debate, the New Acropolis Museum, and its priceless treasures housed in a stunning modern building at the base of the Acropolis, is a must see.
Need to know
The New Acropolis Museum will open to pre-purchase ticket-holders from June 21-23 2009. From June 24, members of the public will be able to buy tickets to visit the museum from the ticket hall. Entry will cost €1.
A five-minute walk from the museum is the Athens Gate Hotel, a modern hotel with a roof terrace where a sunset cocktail, light lunch or breakfast offers views of the Acropolis away from the crowds. Rooms cost from £91 a night including breakfast.
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What does Parthenon meen to Britons?Propably nothing! But to Greeks Parthenon is the top expression of the artistic genius of our history, a symbol of Greek cultural heritage and a symbol of freedom and democracy.How would you feel if Greeks we holding treasures of the British culture or history?
Aldo, London, UK
I wonder how some people are talking history without reading it first. Lord Elgin asked for permission to make COPIES of the Parthenon marbles. Permission granded by the Ottoman empire FOR COPYING. Instead of copying, Elgin hacked & excibit them to his mansion. Marbles sold to the BM after his death
Aldo, London, UK
Culturally and spiritually the marbles belong in Athens. Whilst the British Museum should be mostly applauded for their efforts of preservation (and they have certainly enjoyed near 200 years of revenue off them), it is now time to do the right thing. The new museum in Athens is just superb.
Duncan, Athens, Greece
Culturally and spiritually the marbles belong in Athens. Whilst the British Museum should be mostly applauded for their efforts of preservation (and they have certainly enjoyed near 200 years of revenue off them), it is now time to do the right thing. The new museum in Athens is just superb.
Duncan, Athens, Greece
I spent most of the summer in 1970 in the UK through an international student exchange program; that was my first trip outside of Greece. I felt at home in London, have been back several times and always looked forward to more visits there. However, I will never visit the British Museum again; the reason is obvious. For the same reason I will never visit again the Louvre , or the Agia Sofia , or the Pergamon Museum, although I would gladly go back to Paris, Istanbul and Berlin. There are many injustices around us and I have learned to live with reality. May I remind all that, as the ancient Greeks said, there is always some good in anything bad! For example, the presence of the Parthenon marbles in the British Museum, or, of the Niki of Samothraki in the Louvre, or, the conversion of the Agia Sofia to a Turkish Bazaar, or, the reconstruction and display of an entire temple in a Berlin Museum, are useful as HUGE MONUMENTS OF HYPOCRICY, and should stay there as such, to remind us and warn us of the evil forces around us.
Dr. Tom Papadopoulos, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Personally I think it's embaressing noone here in blighty has the guts to say "we have to give these back".
For the love of God they are part of the Parthenon!!!! We HAVE to give those marbles back!!!
Alex, London,
I am still trying to find something FROM the island of Britain inside the BRITISH Museum. How about renaming that Museum to "400 years of imperial theft and pilferage"?
Tom, Berlin, Germany
Can we have London Bridge back from the Yanks, then???
David, Grantham, UK
The British Museum should reflect on its supposed expertise to realise the importance of the Parthenon Marbles for Greeks. If they do not follow the example of other countries that are returning the marbles Greece should NOT give the Olympic flame for the London 2012.
Andreas Andreou, Cyprus,
If you love somebody, let them go. If they return, they were always yours. If they don't, they never were.
Alexandros, Larisa , Greece
The marbles should of course stay in Britain. Every nation has treasures from other cultures in their museums. So what, will we all start exchanging? And it's sad to see some people taking this opportunity to badmouth muslim contribution (or not) to arts, it's pathetic. Those people should grow up!
James Black, London, UK
And if this sets a precedence, good. Let it be a precedence for finally, doing the right thing.
Dave S, Solihull, UK
IT'S TIME FOR BRITTISH FRIENDS TO GIVE THEM BACK TO GREECE.
THE FRENCH WILL FOLLOW........
Francis, PARIS, FRANCE
1) The Parthenon marbles were not taken BUT they were STOLEN from Elgin! Thiefs should be prosecuted and a goverment that supports thiefs is to me equally guilty and should go to court.
2) If all ancient treasures exposed in the british museum would be returned back, the latter would get half-empty
Dr. Emmanouil Fokas, Voula, Athens, Greece
Should the Elgin marbles be returned, all other items should be returned to host countries as well. Why should Greece have any preference over others? More importantly, should we revisit the way in which museums operate.
Farrukh, Woking,
The argument that the British Museum was custodian of ancient artefacts during times of civil strife has no relevance to any claim to still hold on to these treasures. There can be no moral justification to now not return the Elgin marbles to the people of Greece.
Dave S, Solihull, UK
The marbles were stolen from Parthenon and sold to the British
Museum, that is a fact! Should'nt they be given back to whom
they belong, now that finally there is a beautiful museum
right at the foot of the Acropolis that can display them just
as nicely as in the British Museum?
M. Milionis Athens
Mary Milionis, Athens, Greece
For someone fortunate enought to have gazed at the beauty
of theParthenon, C. Hitchens NYT Op-Ed expressed it best. "It is impossible to visit Athens and not yearn for the day when Britain decides to right an ancient wrong and show that a beautiful artefact is more than the mere sum of its parts.
George, Glastonbury, CT, USA
It is imperative that Britain return the "Elgin" marbles to Greece
Michelle Matarrese, Soquel Ca, U.S.A
The argument from the British that Athens has no suitable museum to display the marbles is no longer valid as the New Acropolis Museum which is due to open the doors to the world on Sat20June09 date of official opening, a state of the Art
with ultra modern technique with special area kept for them.
Milton, Athens, Greece
There is no excuse left.The marbles MUST be returned to Greece.They are simply a huge part of our civilisation and we have the right to keep them in our country.Now,with the new state-of-the art museum i believe that this is the most appropriate place to admire them.WE DO WANT THE MARBLES BACK!!!
vANESSA, ATHENES, GREECE
Sotiris,
Clearly you've never seen the Taj Mahal. It was constructed by Muslims under the Mughal empire. Do your research, and you'll find many more examples in Spain and Sicily as well. Alhambra for example was constructed by Muslims.
Nick, Santa Cruz,
Dear Farrukh,
you are right,it should be mentioned that during 1460-1833 the Parthenon was a mosque, as a proof that our muslim neighbors have arrived for 1st time to the Mediterranean at that time (around 1450) but also to prove their incapability in arts such architecture. (see also Agia Sofia).
Sotiris, Nafplio, Greece
The Marbles should be repatriated because this is where they belong.There are no more issues blocking their transfer to Athens.I don't think the purchase was legitimate, considering how the Ottomans got hold of it in the first place.Is the design worthy?Greece built this museum for this very reason!
Theodosios Lazopoulos, Southampton, UK
I too, visited the new museum in Athens last year and had a preview of this amazing space.
I would agree with others that state that now is the time to repatriate the Elgin Marbles back to Athens... they now have the facilities and the space to accommodate what is rightfully, culturally, theirs.
Jill, Edinburgh, UK
The question is not so much the return of the Parthenon Sculptures, as whether the design of the the New Acropolis Museum Building , intended to house them should they be returned, as : is the museum design design worthy of them ?
Pericles, Pheidias, Ictinus and Callikrates might not agree.
Dr Peter Hancock, Maseru, Lesotho
Send them back. It's absurd to have such beautiful artifacts separated from their original site. What a pity they cannot be treated against pollution and put back up. That would be something!
Charles Bockett-Pugh, Sandhurst,
I have been to the museum this August just past and had a brief wander around. It certainly is a fantastic building and the glass floors over the excavations are really something. I hope we can give back the marbles as this would really be the perfect place to display them.
Tim, London, UK
Farrukh, if so it was only a mosque to the occupiers, not to the Greek people. And it's not necessarily something to be proud of
Chris, Preston, UK
I hope one day the marbles will return to their home and to have a united monument.In return the Greek Goverment may send something equally important to the British Museum so that all sides to be happy.
Haris, Athens, Greece
The Turks and the Brits together with the Germans pilfered many ancient artifacts from Greece which should be returned - most of the Turkish tourist trade is built around ancient Greek culture and ruins. Hopefully Aghia Sofia will once again become the most important church in christendom.
warren, London, England
"Or whether the museum will gloss over 400 years..."? What a laugh!
A mosque was not part of the original design - to have one added now for the sake of representing part of it's history may appeal to some but it's not exactly sensible. The original comment was from educated USA! - 'nuff said!
Christian H, Warwickshire, UK
muslim ottomans tried their "best" to leave their marks on Parthenon, no need for the museum to expose the "400 years". I haven't seen any french flags on the London Tower though, just as courtesy.
George, London, UK
I wonder if it will mention some forgotten history: "We tend to lose sight of the fact that for nearly four hundred years (ca. A.D. 14601833) the Parthenon was a mosque.." [Jenifer Neils, The Parthenon: From Antiquity to the Present]. Or whether the museum will gloss over 400 years...
Farrukh, Woking,
It is quite frankly embarrassing that the Parthenon sculptures are still in the British Museum. They should now be sent back immediately. I do not support the repatriation of every foreign artefact, but these are of massive cultural importance to the people of Greece and should be returned.
Tom, Oxford, UK
Most of the Elgin Marbles are in the vault, and not in condition for display. So sending them back would be OK but who pays for taking them back? Who would insure that ship?
Sue Doughty, Twyford, UK
The Elgin Marbles were purchased by Lord Elgin from the Ottoman ruler of the time.
That makes the purchase as legitimate as if I had bought a Rubens from Hermann Goering.
Bill Smith, Brisbane, Australia